华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 118-134+159.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2018.06.013

• 高等教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

独立学院组织种群的制度起源

王富伟1, 阎凤桥2   

  1. 1. 北京教育科学研究院德育研究中心, 北京 100101;
    2. 北京大学教育学院, 北京 100871
  • 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2018-11-29
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究项目青年基金项目"教学与研究之关系的历史逻辑与实践机制——基于历史分析和个案研究"(10YJCZH148)。

The Origin of Independent Colleges as a Unique Organizational Form of Higher Education

WANG Fuwei1, YAN Fengqiao2   

  1. 1. Research Center for Moral Education, Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences, Beijing 100036, China;
    2. Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Online:2018-11-20 Published:2018-11-29

摘要: 借用组织研究中的种群生态学与制度理论可以较好解释独立学院这一中国特有的高等教育组织形式的制度起源。中国高等教育的供需失衡、公共经费不足和经济持续增长构成了独立学院得以产生的基本生态环境,源于经济领域市场机制的扩散提供了观念与方式的认知启迪,而教育领域的公益性观念对市场化的反向作用制约其彻底走向民营化,它的产生还得益于高等教育体制的分权改革以及民办高等教育创办人为突破边缘地位所做的努力。中央高校扩招政策的实施和私营企业的投资,以及中央教育行政部门的政策确认则促成了其广泛扩散。理论上来讲,是教育逻辑对政府逻辑和市场逻辑的双重依附,以及中国特有的规则易于变通的社会逻辑和自我主义倾向的社会逻辑,最终形塑了独立学院"公私混合"的组织特征。

关键词: 独立学院, 组织形式, 制度逻辑

Abstract: The article, employing population ecology rationale and institutional logic, examined the origin of independent colleges as a unique organizational form of higher education in China. The rise of independent colleges was due to the interplay among the following factors. Firstly, the imbalance between supply and demand and the shortage of funds in Chinese higher education were the typical resource constraints. Secondly, the diffusion of market mechanism in the economic sphere provided the cognitive inspiration of the ideas and methods. Thirdly, the public-benefit nature of education prevented completely educational marketization. Finally, the specific building blocks were from the decentralization reform of public higher education and the efforts of breaking through the marginalized status from private higher education. Then, that it's diffusing across the country and getting the approval of central government is mainly caused by the policy of the expansion of higher education admission and the investment shift of the business.

Key words: independent colleges, organizational form, institutional logics