华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 107-117.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.04.009

• 职业教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

乡村振兴战略背景下农村职业教育的现实困顿与实践指向

祁占勇, 王志远   

  1. 陕西师范大学教育学院，西安 710062
  • 发布日期:2020-04-13
  • 作者简介:王志远，陕西师范大学教育学院职业技术教育学硕士研究生，主要从事职业教育政策与法律研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金专项课题“弘扬工匠精神研究”（18VSJ086）

The Dilemma and Orientation of Rural Vocational Education Development under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Qi Zhanyong, Wang Zhiyuan   

  1. School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
  • Published:2020-04-13

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摘要： 乡村振兴战略是党和国家在新时代中国特色社会主义思想下做出的重大决策，农村职业教育作为支撑乡村振兴的重要力量，在促成人的自我实现、阻断贫困代际传递、促进乡村产业发展、助推农业农村现代化等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，我国农村职业教育依然面临着农业现代化进程加快与农村职业教育的功能发挥欠缺、农村人口过渡转移就业与农村职业教育发展后劲不足、“跳农门”思想持续蔓延与农村职业教育培养目标发生偏移、农村人口老龄化速度加快与农村职业教育反应滞后等现实困顿。面对振兴乡村的重大使命，农村职业教育的功能定向要顺应新时代农业农村现代化的需求、生存根基要注重涵养乡土文化的基因、培养目标要精准定位于培育新型职业农民、供需适配要不断挖掘老龄人口红利。

关键词: 乡村振兴战略, 农村职业教育, 现实困顿, 实践指向

Abstract: Rural revitalization strategy is an important policy in China in the new era. To support rural revitalization, rural career education plays a crucial role in promoting people’s self-realization, preventing the intergenerational transmission of poverty, developing rural industry and facilitating agricultural and rural modernization. However, rural vocational education is challenged by some practical dilemmas: the acceleration of agricultural modernization versus the malfunction of rural vocational education, the transitional employment of rural population versus the deficient rural vocational education, the traditional “jumping the agricultural gate” versus deviation of rural vocational education, the aging rural population versus lagged rural vocational education, and so on. Facing the mission of revitalizing rural areas, the functional orientation of rural vocational education should meet the needs of agricultural and rural modernization in the new era. Moreover, the survival foundation should involve conserving the gene of local culture, while the cultivation should precisely target new professional farmers, and the supply and demand adaptation should constantly tap the dividend of aging population.

Key words: rural revitalization strategy, rural vocational education, practical dilemma, practical orientation