破解教育生产“黑箱”：教育生产函数研究的评述与展望

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 教育生产活动具有关联性，教育产出受到家庭和学校等众多投入要素影响，且各投入要素间关系复杂。教育生产中的理论构建与现实观察常有鸿沟，实证研究方法和结论颇具争议，教育投入对教育产出的影响是教育经济学研究中长期未解的“黑箱”。教育生产函数完美地融合了经济学和教育学的理论和实证方法，通过探讨稀缺的教育资源配置和人类教育活动产出之间的关系，来破解教育生产“黑箱”。本文以教育生产函数实证研究为研究对象，通过介绍教育生产函数类型，并重点分析家庭投入型和学校投入型教育生产函数实证研究成果，归纳和反思近五年教育生产函数实证研究的基本趋势和存在的问题，并就未来教育生产函数实证研究提出展望。

关键词: 教育生产函数, 实证研究, 研究方法, 因果识别

Abstract: Educational production activities are interrelated. Educational output is affected by many input factors, such as families and schools, among which the relationship among input factors is complex. There is always a gap between theoretical construction and practical observation in educational production and the empirical research methods and conclusions are quite controversial. The impact of educational input on educational output is a “black box” that hasn’t been solved for a long time in the research of economics of education. The study of educational production function perfectly integrates the theories and methods of economics and pedagogy. It is the core topic of education economics to discuss the relationship between the allocation of scarce educational resources and the output of human educational activities, and it is also a useful and powerful tool to crack the “black box” of educational production. This study examines the empirical research on education production function and introduces the types of education production function. It then analyzes the empirical research results of family input and school input education production function, summarizes and rethinks the basic trend and existing problems of the empirical research on education production function in the past five years. Finally, it puts forward the prospects of the future empirical research on educational production function.

Key words: educational production function, empirical research, research methods, causal inference

李波, 黄斌. 破解教育生产“黑箱”：教育生产函数研究的评述与展望[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020, 38(9): 137-161.

Li Bo, Huang Bin. Opening the Black Box of Educational Production: The Retrospect and Prospect of Educational Production Function[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2020, 38(9): 137-161.

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