创新创业教育

大学生创业意向影响因素研究:制度理论视角下的跨国比较

  • 梅伟惠 ,
  • 张玮逸
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  • 浙江大学教育学院,杭州 310058

录用日期: 2022-09-02

  网络出版日期: 2023-01-18

基金资助

国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“国际比较视野下的大学与区域协同发展研究”(20FJKB011)

Research on the Influencing Factors of College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention: A Cross-country Comparative Study from the Perspective of Institutional Theory

  • Weihui Mei ,
  • Weiyi Zhang
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  • College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Accepted date: 2022-09-02

  Online published: 2023-01-18

摘要

创业意向是大学生创业行为的重要预测变量,是国内外高等教育和创业教育研究的热点问题。已有研究主要从个体因素和单一国别探究创业意向的影响因素,关于创业制度环境对大学生创业意向影响的跨国别研究还处于起步阶段。基于制度理论,利用“全球创业观察”“全球大学生创业精神调查”数据,研究规制性制度、规范性制度和认知性制度对各国大学生毕业时和毕业五年后创业意向的影响,结果发现:认知性制度和规范性制度与大学生创业意向有显著的正相关,尤其以高等教育阶段创业教育的影响最为显著;规制性制度对大学生创业意向的作用较为复杂。建议大力推动不同阶段创业教育的高质量发展,在校内外营造创业友好型文化环境,并重新考量一些习以为常但未经验证的大学生创业政策的有效性。

本文引用格式

梅伟惠 , 张玮逸 . 大学生创业意向影响因素研究:制度理论视角下的跨国比较[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023 , 41(2) : 81 -92 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.02.007

Abstract

Entrepreneurial intention is not only an important predictor of college students’ entrepreneurial behavior, but also a hot issue in higher education and entrepreneurial education research at home and abroad. Previous studies mainly explore the influencing factors of entrepreneurial intention from individual factors in a specific country. Cross-country research on the impact of institutional environment for entrepreneurship on college students’ entrepreneurial intention is still in its infancy. Based on institutional theory, this study uses the data of ‘Global Entrepreneurship Monitor’ and ‘Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey’ to investigate the impact of regulatory, normative and cognitive institutions on the entrepreneurial intention of college students in various countries at the time of graduation and five years later. The study finds that both the cognitive and the normative institution have a significant positive correlation with the entrepreneurial intention of college students, especially the impact of entrepreneurship education at the higher education stage; the role of the regulatory institution on the entrepreneurial intention of college students is more complex. It is suggested to vigorously promote the high-quality development of entrepreneurship education at different stages, create entrepreneurship-friendly cultural environment inside and outside the schools, and reconsider the effectiveness of some accustomed but unverified entrepreneurship policies for college students’ entrepreneurship.

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