基本理论与基本问题

文化、心智与教育——破解教育改革困境底层逻辑的文化社会学分析

  • 阎光才
展开
  • 1. 华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海 200062

网络出版日期: 2024-02-22

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“高水平大学的教师偏好、行为与工作表现研究”(72174063)

Culture, Mind, and Education:An Analysis Based on Cultural Sociology about the Underlying Principles of Educational Reform Dilemmas

  • Guangcai Yan
Expand
  • 1. Institute of Higher Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Online published: 2024-02-22

摘要

受认知科学启发,近年来文化社会学越来越关注文化的认知属性。文化并非是整体性的存在,而更类似于工具箱。个体通过自我建构而形成其独特的心智结构,在社会网络互动中,逐渐表现出心智结构的共性即所谓的文化图式。教育领域众多观念的分歧与争论,便源于这种自发启动的心智结构,或者集体意识与无意识,因而由认知偏差而导致刻板化的偏见与成见。本文摒弃教育的文化决定论立场,强调人的心智开放,即沟通不同社会网络之间的良性互动,激发反思意识与批判性思维,是破解教育改革困境的底层逻辑。

本文引用格式

阎光才 . 文化、心智与教育——破解教育改革困境底层逻辑的文化社会学分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024 , 42(3) : 38 -50 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.03.004

Abstract

Inspired by cognitive science, cultural sociology has increasingly focused on the cognitive attributes of culture in recent years. Culture is not a holistic entity but rather akin to a toolbox. Through self-construction, individuals form unique mental structures which gradually exhibit commonalities known as cultural schemas in social network interactions. The numerous conceptual disagreements and debates in the field of education stem from this spontaneous initiation of mental structures, referred to as collective consciousness and unconsciousness, resulting in cognitive biases that lead to stereotyped prejudices and biases. This article rejects the notion of cultural determinism in education and emphasizes the openness of human minds. It highlights the positive interaction between different social networks, activation of reflective consciousness, and cultivation of critical thinking as fundamental approaches to resolving educational reform dilemmas.

参考文献

null 卡尼曼. (2021). 噪声: 人类判断的缺陷(李纾, 王祚军, 魏子涵, 译). 杭州: 浙江教育出版社.
null 林小英. (2023). 县中的孩子: 中国县域教育生态. 上海: 上海人民出版社.
null 平克. (2023). 理性(简学, 简丁丁, 译). 杭州: 浙江教育出版社.
null 塞克斯顿. (2021). 据理必争: 教条主义时代的大学(刘虹霞, 王慧慧, 周雅明, 译). 上海: 华东师范大学出版社.
null 斯坦诺维奇. (2023). 充满敌意的世界需要理性(推荐序二). 平克. 理性(简学, 简丁丁, 译). 杭州: 浙江教育出版社.
null 周作宇. 民间教育学: 泛在的教育学形态 教育研究 2021 42 3 53 75 周作宇. (2021). 民间教育学: 泛在的教育学形态. 教育研究,42(3),53—75.
null Bartkowski, J. P., Ramos-Wada, A. I., Ellison, C. G. & Acevedo, G. A. Faith, Race-Ethnicity, and Public Policy Preferences: Religious Schemas and Abortion Attitudes Among U. S. Latinos Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 2012 51 2 343 358 Bartkowski, J. P., Ramos-Wada, A. I., Ellison, C. G. & Acevedo, G. A. (2012). Faith, Race-Ethnicity, and Public Policy Preferences: Religious Schemas and Abortion Attitudes Among U. S. Latinos. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 51(2), 343—358.
null Boutyline, A. and Soter, L. K. Cultural Schemas: What They Are, How to Find Them, and What to Do Once You’ve Caught One American Sociological Review 2021 86 728 758 Boutyline, A. and Soter, L. K. (2021). Cultural Schemas: What They Are, How to Find Them, and What to Do Once You’ve Caught One. American Sociological Review, 86, 728—758.
null Creanza, N., Kolodny, O. & Feldman, M. W. Cultural Evolutionary Theory: How Culture Evolves and Why it Matters PNAS 2017 114 30 7782 7789 Creanza, N., Kolodny, O. & Feldman, M. W. (2017). Cultural Evolutionary Theory: How Culture Evolves and Why it Matters. PNAS, 114(30), 7782—7789.
null DiMaggio, P. Culture and Cognition Annual Review of Sociology 1997 23 263 287 DiMaggio, P. (1997). Culture and Cognition. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 263—287.
null Edgell, P. & Hull, K. E. Cultural Schemas of Religion, Science, and Law in Talk About Social Controversies Sociological Forum 2017 32 2 298 320 Edgell, P. & Hull, K. E. (2017). Cultural Schemas of Religion, Science, and Law in Talk About Social Controversies. Sociological Forum, 32(2), 298—320.
null Grant, P. R. & Holmes, J. G. The Integration of Implicit Personality Theory Schemas and Stereotype Images Social Psychology Quarterly 1981 44 2 107 115 Grant, P. R. & Holmes, J. G. (1981). The Integration of Implicit Personality Theory Schemas and Stereotype Images. Social Psychology Quarterly, 44(2), 107—115.
null Hunzaker, M. B. F. & Valentino, L. Mapping Cultural Schemas American Sociological Review 2019 84 5 950 981 Hunzaker, M. B. F. & Valentino, L. (2019). Mapping Cultural Schemas. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 950—981.
null Hunzaker, M. B. F. Cultural Sentiments and Schema-Consistency Bias in Information Transmission American Sociological Review 2016 81 6 1223 1250 Hunzaker, M. B. F. (2016). Cultural Sentiments and Schema-Consistency Bias in Information Transmission. American Sociological Review, 81(6), 1223—1250.
null McLean, P. (2017). Culture in Networks. Cambridge: Polity Press.
null Shleifer, A. Psychologists at the Gate: A Review of Daniel Kahneman’s Thinking, Fast and Slow Journal of Economic Literature 2012 50 4 1 12 Shleifer, A. (2012). Psychologists at the Gate: A Review of Daniel Kahneman’s Thinking, Fast and Slow. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(4), 1—12.
null Strandell, J. (2017). The Cultural Schema: Towards Conceptual Compatibility in Culture Cognition Interaction. In Culture-Cognition Interaction: Bridging Cognitive Science and Cultural Sociology. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Copenhagen.
null Strauss, C. and Quinn, N. (1997). A Cognitive Theory of Cultural Meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
文章导航

/