本文基于东中西部13省四学段各类相关人员的调研,采用问卷调查、访谈和文本分析的混合研究方法,对高中绩效工资政策实施现状、困境和改进等问题进行了调查研究,得到了如下结论:当前高中绩效工资参照义务教育学校绩效工资制度实施效果不佳,绩效工资激励存在多方位欠缺,尤其不能有效保障高中优秀骨干教师的工资待遇,导致优秀骨干教师流失加剧。本研究从绩效工资总量水平、考核指标设置、绩效工资经济激励单一性等方面,分析了产生上述问题的原因,并提出了如下改进建议:完善高中教师绩效工资制,提高高中绩效工资总量,并形成增长机制;释放高中绩效工资经济激励效应,推行高中教师新绩效工资制度改革;结合学生综合素质评价法的运用,努力增强教师绩效考核的科学性和公平性。
This paper, based on the investigation of teachers from four different levels of schooling in 13 provinces in eastern, central and western China, examines the status quo, dilemma and improvement of the implementation of performance-based pay policy in high schools by using research methods including questionnaire survey, interview and text analysis. The findings show that performance-based pay system in high schools is not functioning well for lack of incentives. In particular, such a system fails to effectively guarantee a satisfactory pay for high-quality teachers, resulting in the loss of those teachers. This paper further analyzes the causes of the above problems from the aspects of the total level of performance-based pay, the setting of evaluation indicators, and the single economic incentive of performance-based pay. Therefore, it is essential to improve the performance salary system in high schools, like increasing the total performance-based pay and establishing a mechanism of pay rise. Also, the effect of economic incentive should be enhanced, and it’s necessary to implement the reform of the performance-based pay system. Combined with the application of students’ comprehensive quality evaluation, efforts should be made to enhance the scientific and fair teacher performance appraisal.
范先佐, 付卫东. (2011). 义务教育教师绩效工资改革:背景、成效、问题与对策——基于对中部4省34县(市)的调查. 华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),(11),128-137
胡耀宗. (2010). 义务教育教师绩效工资政策执行中的问题及解决策略. 教师教育研究,(7),34-38
乔锦忠. (2009). 如何做好义务教育学校教师绩效考核和工资制度改革. 中国教师,(23),16-18
赵宏斌, 惠祥凤, 傅乘波. (2011). 我国义务教育教师绩效工资实施的现状研究——基于对25个省77个县279所学校的调查. 教育理论与实践,(10),24-27
Belfield, C. R., Heywood, J.S (2008). Performance Pay for Teachers:Determinants and Consequences. Economics of Education Review, (3), 243-252
Hanushek, E.A (2010). The economic value of higher teacher quality. Economics of Education Review, (3), 466-479
Guthrie, J.W., Schuermann, P.J..(2009). 教育工作者及其报酬:政策、实施与系统协调问题(刘培译). 复旦教育论坛, (5), 79-87.
Murnane, R. J., Olsen R. J (1990). The effects of salaries and opportunity costs on length of stay in teaching:Evidence from North Carolina. Journal of Human Resources, 25, 106-124