随着社会的发展和进步,沟通素养在个体发展中的作用越来越突出,成为21世纪人才必备的核心素养之一。然而,目前对于沟通素养的内涵及结构还没有清晰的界定。基于相关文献的分析,本研究提出,沟通素养是一个包含了语言能力、思维能力和社会情感能力的复合型素养,包含深度理解、有效表达和同理心三个要素。其中,深度理解和有效表达是沟通的两个重要过程,需要语言能力、思维能力和社会能力的共同参与,而同理心则是促进有效沟通最为重要的一种社会情感能力。中小学是培养学生沟通素养的重要阶段,本研究构建的沟通素养结构模型有助于构建中小学生沟通素养的培养体系,为提升学生的全面素养助力。
With the development and progress of society, communication competence plays an increasingly important role in individual development, thus becoming one of the core qualities of talents in the 21st century. However, there is no clear definition of the connotation and structure of communication competence. Based on analysis of the international researches on core literacy in the 21st century and related literature, this study proposes that communication competence is a complex literacy that includes language ability, thinking ability and social emotional ability, involving three elements: deep understanding, effective expression and empathy. Among them, deep understanding and effective expression are two important processes of communication, which require language skills, thinking skills and social skills, while empathy is the most important social emotional skill to promote effective communication. Primary and secondary schools provide an important stage to cultivate students’ communication competence. The clarity of the connotation and structure of communication competence in this study will help primary and secondary schools to build a communication competence training system, and provide a reference for the improvement of students’ overall literacy.
阿德勒, 普罗科特. (2017), 沟通的艺术: 看入人里, 看出人外(第15版). (黄素菲, 李恩, 王敏译). 北京: 北京联合出版公司.
博克. (2008). 回归大学之道——对美国大学本科教育的反思与展望. 上海: 华东师范大学出版社.
黄岳, 马海林, 王骄阳. (2019). 共情对校园欺凌的影响, 现代交际,(12),18-20.
郭涛. (2015), 自闭症幼儿沟通能力的干预研究, 硕士论文, 上海师范大学.
刘坚, 魏锐等. (2016). 《面向未来: 21世纪核心素养教育的全球经验》研究设计. 华东师范大学学报 (教科版),(3), 17-21.
刘汉龙, 刘慧军. (2012). 同理心, 重建医患信任关系的伦理实践途径. 中国医学伦理学,25(3),347-349
瓦格纳. (2015). 教育大未来. 海口: 南海出版社..
中华人民共和国教育部. 义务教育语文课程标准(2011年版). 北京:北京师范大学出版社.
中华人民共和国教育部. (2011). 《义务教育思想品德课程标准》(2011年版). 北京:北京师范大学出版社.
张淑华. (2003). 企业管理者沟通素养结构与测量研究, 博士论文, 华东师范大学.
Alder, R. B. & Rodman, G. (1994). Understanding Human Communication(5th Eds).
Brody, S. (2018)Representatives of American P21 Organizations Talk about Global Competence and Launch Presidential Forum.
Farber, J. G., & Klein, E. R. (1999). Classroom-based assessment of a collaborative intervention program with kindergarten and first-grade students. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 30, 83-91
Hluman, G. A. Planisek, A., McNally, J. S., & Rubin, R. B. (2010). Competence, Personality, and self-efficacy: Relationships in an undergraduate interpersonal course. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 18, 36-49
Hynes, G.E (2012). Improving employees’ interpersonal communication competencies: A qualitative study. Business Communication Quarterly, 75, 466-475
Luczynski, K. C., & Hanley G. P. (2013). Prevention of problem behavior by teaching functional communication and self-control skills to preschoolers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 46, 355-368
Metusalem, R., Belenky, D. M., & DiCerbo, K. (2017). Skills for Today: What we know about teaching and assessing communication. P21 Partnership of 21st Century Learning. Pearson.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2012). The Nation’s Report Card: Writing 2011. Washington, DC: Institute of Education Sciences, US Department of Education.
Spitzberg, B. H. (1991). An examination of trait measures of interpersonal competence. Communication Reports, (3), 22-29
Spitzber, B. H. (2010). Communication competence as knowledge, skill, and impression, in M. L. Knapp & J. A. Daly (Eds.) Interpersonal communication (pp. 203-210).
Teven, J. J., Richmond, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., &McCroskey, L. L. (2010). Updating relationships between communication traits and communication competences. Communication Research Reports, 27, 263-270
Thaiss, C., & Porter, T. (2010). The state of WAC/WID in 2010: Methods and results of the US survey of the international WAC/WID mapping project. College Composition and Communication, 61(3), 534-570
Trenholm, S. (2000), Interpersonal Communication, Wadsworth Publishing Company.
UNESCO.(2014). Learning to live together-education policies and realities in Asia-Pacific. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002272/227208E.pdf.
Wiemann, J.M. (2003). Forward. In J.O. Greene & B.R. Burleson (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social skills (pp. Ix-xi). Mahwah, N.J.: Earlbaum.