农村教育

城镇化背景下的农村儿童早期发展与其照养人养育行为关系的实证研究

  • 张偲琪 ,
  • 史耀疆 ,
  • 王蕾 ,
  • 杨宁 ,
  • 刘步瑶 ,
  • 党瑞瑞 ,
  • 白钰
展开
  • 1. 陕西师范大学教育实验经济研究所,西安 710119;
    2. 陕西师范大学国际商学院,西安 710119

网络出版日期: 2020-06-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目“农村劳动力外出务工对留守儿童早期发展的影响机制研究”(71703084);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B16031);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2019TS043);国家自然科学基金资助项目“贫困农村0—3岁养育干预对婴幼儿早期发展的绩效评估与作用机理的实验研究”(71803108);陕西师范大学教师教育研究专项“西部农村地区儿童早期发展对其幼儿入园选择的影响研究”(JSJY2017021)

Urbanization and Human Capital: Early Childhood Development in Rural China

  • Zhang Siqi ,
  • Shi Yaojiang ,
  • Wang Lei ,
  • Yang Ning ,
  • Liu Buyao ,
  • Dang Ruirui ,
  • Bai Yu
Expand
  • 1. Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China;
    2. International Business School, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China

Online published: 2020-06-23

摘要

人力资本是经济发展的重要动力,儿童早期发展对人力资本积累至关重要,而照养人的养育行为对儿童早期发展水平具有重要影响。在我国实施城镇化的背景下,农村儿童早期发展水平关系到未来城镇化的程度及未来经济发展水平。本文采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第III版(BSID-III)及自制家庭量表,在我国中西部贫困农村地区、城镇化进程中形成的移民安置社区、大城市流动人口社区和失地农民社区抽样调查了1254名月龄为6—36个月农村儿童及其照养人,分析不同农村地区儿童早期发展水平及其照养人养育行为现状,并进一步分析城镇化背景下新型农村家庭居住的移民安置社区、流动人口社区和失地农民社区儿童早期发展水平与其照养人养育行为的关系。结果表明:在贫困农村地区及城镇化进程中形成的农村家庭居住地区,(1)农村儿童早期发展水平普遍存在滞后风险;(2)农村儿童主要照养人普遍缺乏科学养育行为;(3)农村儿童早期发展滞后风险与其照养人的积极养育行为显著负相关。因此,在城镇化背景下,应从家庭和国家层面转变教育观念,重视0—3岁农村儿童早期发展,提高我国农村儿童早期发展水平,推进城镇化进程中早期人力资本发展,促进人力资本积累。

本文引用格式

张偲琪 , 史耀疆 , 王蕾 , 杨宁 , 刘步瑶 , 党瑞瑞 , 白钰 . 城镇化背景下的农村儿童早期发展与其照养人养育行为关系的实证研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020 , 38(6) : 102 -115 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.06.007

Abstract

Human capital is an important driver of economic growth in the process of urbanization. It is important to improve early childhood development (ECD) since ECD is essential for human capital accumulation. In the process of human capital accumulation, parenting practices play a very important role in ECD. Using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III (BSID-III) and household survey form, we examine the rates of developmental delays among 6-36 months old infant/toddler in four major types of rural communities in China. We also explore the relationship between parenting practices and ECD. The results show that: 1) the shares of developmental delays are high in our samples; 2) only a small share of caregivers engages in the interactive parenting practices with their infant/toddler; 3) interactive parenting practices are significantly and negatively associated with developmental delays. Under the background of urbanization, early childhood development in rural communities urgently requires more attention if China hopes to build up enough human capital towards a high-income economy.

参考文献

白钰, 郑丽娟, 刘步瑶, 杨宁, & 陈鹏. (2019). 中国农村贫困地区养育行为现状及其影响的实证研究. 华东师范大学学报 (教育科学版),37(3),70-83
陈浩, & 陈雪春. (2014). 城镇化进程中失地农民的健康风险与化解对策. 天津行政学院学报,16(4),52-56
戴中亮. (2010). 城市化与失地农民. 城市问题,1,96-101
董志华. (2017). 人力资本与经济增长互动关系研究——基于中国人力资本指数的实证分析. 宏观经济研究,(4),88-98
国家发展和改革委员会. (2018). 中国的易地扶贫搬迁政策. 取自: https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fzggw/jgsj/dqs/sjdt/201803/t20180330_1050716.html.
国家统计局. (2018). 中华人民共和国2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报. 取自: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201802/t20180228_1585631.html.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会流动人口司. (2017). 中国流动人口发展报告2017. 北京: 中国人口出版社.
国务院. (2009). 中共中央国务院关于加大统筹城乡发展力度进一步夯实农业农村发展基础的若干意见. 取自: http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2010/content_1528900.htm.
国务院. (2016). 国务院关于深入推进新型城镇化建设的若干意见. 取自: http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-02/06/content_5039947.htm.
何守森, 倪晨曦, 邢光红, 唐敬海, 周亚平, 李桂英, …… & 李燕. (2006). 家庭养育环境与早产儿及足月儿早期智力发展. 中国妇幼保健,21(8),1079-1081
黄晨熹. (1999). 大城市外来流动人口特征与社区化管理──以上海为例. 人口研究,(4),53-58
刘克玲, 张德英, 王斌, 王临虹, 郝波, & 张文坤. (2003). 中国部分城市婴幼儿母亲的养育行为调查. 中国妇幼保健,18(2),114-116
刘文娟, & 吕向楠. (2015). 0—3岁婴幼儿亲子阅读现状调查分析. 山东英才学院学报,(4),23-26
罗仁福, 张林秀, 刘承芳, 易红梅, & 史耀疆. (2015). 提高人力资本质量重点在贫困地区. 中国国情国力,(4),62-64
任保平. (2015). 新常态要素禀赋结构变化背景下中国经济增长潜力开发的动力转换. 经济学家,5(5),13-19
石淑华, 时俊新, 官旭华, 张静, 胡美荣, & 齐小田. (2001). 婴幼儿发展状态及能力影响因素的研究. 中国妇幼保健,16(10),635-637
孙晓勉, & 任永惠. (1996). Bayley婴幼儿发育量表的研究. 中国妇幼保健,11(1),51-53
王蕾, 贤悦, 张偲琪, 白钰, 杜燕, 缅诺, …… & 罗斯高. (2019). 中国农村儿童早期发展: 政府投资的效益-成本分析. 华东师范大学学报 (教育科学版),37(3),118-128
汪萍. (2012). 发展视角下聚居型失地农民社区建设问题探讨. 福建论坛: 人文社会科学版,,(1),175-182
谢松敏, 王鲜艳, & 姚英民. (2006). 贝利婴幼儿发展量表在婴幼儿保健中的应用. 护理学报,13(4),76-77
徐曼, 刘小红, 杜亚梅, 杨永华, & 李正浩. (2009). 陕西关中农村婴幼儿智力运动发育水平与影响因素分析. 西安交通大学学报: 医学版,30(2),181-184
徐珊珊, 黄红, 张劲松, 卞晓燕, 吕娜, 吕莹波, & 陈瑶. (2011). 贝莉婴幼儿发育量表—第三版评价上海市婴幼儿发育水平的应用初探. 中国儿童保健杂志,19(1),30-32
徐选国, & 杨君. (2014). 人本视角下的新型城镇化建设: 本质、特征及其可能路径. 南京农业大学学报 (社会科学版),14(2),15-20
张占斌. (2015). 中国经济新常态的趋势性特征及政策取向. 国家行政学院学报,1,15-20
中国发展研究基金会. (2016). 探索儿童发展的中国式新路—为了中国最贫困和弱势20%儿童的中国梦. 取自: https://www.cdrf.org.cn/yjck/2128.jhtml.
Attanasio, O., Cattan, S., Fitzsimons, E., Meghir, C., & Rubio-Codina, M. (2020). Estimating the production function for human capital: results from a randomized control trial in Colombia. American Economic Review, 110(1), 48-85
Barrueco, S., López, M. L., & Miles, J. C. (2007). Parenting behaviors in the first year of life: A national comparison of Latinos and other cultural communities. Journal of Latinos and Education, 6(3), 253-265
Bayley, N. (2006). Bayley scales of infant and toddler development: administration manual. Harcourt Assessment.
Bornstein, M. H., & Putnick, D. L. (2012). Cognitive and socioemotional caregiving in developing countries. Child Development, 83(1), 46-61
Bos, A. F. (2013). Bayley-II or Bayley-III: what do the scores tell us?. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55(11), 978-979
Bus, A. G. (2001). Joint caregiver-child storybook reading: A route to literacy development. Handbook of Early Literacy Research, 1, 179-191
Chang, M., Park, B., Singh, K., & Sung, Y. Y. (2009). Parental involvement, parenting behaviors, and children's cognitive development in low-income and minority families. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 23(3), 309-324
Cunha, F., & Heckman, J. J. (2009). The economics and psychology of inequality and human development. Journal of the European Economic Association, 7(2—3), 320-364
Field, T. (2010). Postpartum depression effects on early interactions, parenting, and safety practices: a review. Infant Behavior and Development, 33(1), 1-6
Gertler, P., Heckman, J., Pinto, R., Zanolini, A., Vermeersch, C., Walker, S., …… & Grantham-McGregor, S. (2014). Labor market returns to an early childhood stimulation intervention in Jamaica. Science, 344(6187), 998-1001
Guo, H. X. (2016). Differences in parent-infant book reading between urban and rural families in China. Journal of Educational Development, 12, 80-83
Hamadani, J.D., Tofail, F., Hilaly, A., Huda, S.N., Engle, P.,& Grantham-McGregor, S.M. (2010). Use of family care indicators and their relationship with child development in Bangladesh. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 28(1), 23-33
He, Y., Luo, R., Wang, T., Gao, J., & Liu, C. (2018). Prenatal Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Early Development of Children in Rural Guizhou Province, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 2866
Heckman, J. J. (2008). Schools, skills, and synapses. Economic Inquiry, 46(3), 289-324
Heckman, J. J., Moon, S. H., Pinto, R., Savelyev, P. A., & Yavitz, A. (2010). The rate of return to the HighScope Perry Preschool Program. Journal of Public Economics, 94(1-2), 114-128
Isbell, R., Sobol, J., Lindauer, L., & Lowrance, A. (2004). The effects of storytelling and story reading on the oral language complexity and story comprehension of young children. Early Childhood Education Journal, 32(3), 157-163
Knudsen, E. I., Heckman, J. J., Cameron, J. L., & Shonkoff, J. P. (2006). Economic, neurobiological, and behavioral perspectives on building America’s future workforce. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(27), 10155-10162
Landry, S. H., Smith, K. E., & Swank, P. R. (2006). Responsive parenting: establishing early foundations for social, communication, and independent problem-solving skills. Developmental Psychology, 42(4), 627-642
Landry, S. H., Smith, K. E., Miller-Loncar, C. L., & Swank, P. R. (1997). Predicting cognitive-language and social growth curves from early maternal behaviors in children at varying degrees of biological risk. Developmental Psychology, 33(6), 1040-1053
Lowe, J. R., Erickson, S. J., Schrader, R., & Duncan, A. F. (2012). Comparison of the Bayley II Mental Developmental Index and the Bayley III Cognitive Scale: are we measuring the same thing?. Acta Paediatrica, 101(2), e55-e58
Lugo‐Gil, J., & Tamis-LeMonda, C. S. (2008). Family resources and parenting quality: Links to children’s cognitive development across the first 3 years. Child Development, 79(4), 1065-1085
Luo, R., Jia, F., Yue, A., Zhang, L., Lyu, Q., Shi, Y., …… & Rozelle, S. (2019). Passive parenting and its association with early child development. Early Child Development and Care, 189(10), 1709-1723
McKenzie, D. J. (2005). Measuring inequality with asset indicators. Journal of Population Economics, 18(2), 229-260
Michelson, H., Muñiz, M., & DeRosa, K. (2013). Measuring socio-economic status in the Millennium villages: The role of asset index choice. The Journal of Development Studies, 49(7), 917-935
Park, Y. H. (2012). Parenting behaviors and cognitive development in early childhood (Doctoral dissertation). Tallahassee: The Florida State University.
Parker, F. L., Boak, A. Y., Griffin, K. W., Ripple, C., & Peay, L. (1999). Parent-child relationship, home learning environment, and school readiness. School Psychology Review, 28(3), 413-425
Paulson, J. F., Dauber, S., & Leiferman, J. A. (2006). Individual and combined effects of postpartum depression in mothers and fathers on parenting behavior. Pediatrics, 118(2), 659-668
Raikes, H., Alexander Pan, B., Luze, G., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Brooks-Gunn, J., Constantine, J., …… & Rodriguez, E. T. (2006). Mother-child bookreading in low-income families: Correlates and outcomes during the first three years of life. Child Development, 77(4), 924-953
Rolnick, A., & Grunewald, R. (2003). Early childhood development: Economic development with a high public return. The Region, 17(4), 6-12
Rutstein, S. O., & Johnson, K. (2004). The DHS wealth index. DHS comparative reports no. 6. Calverton: ORC Macro.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17
Serenius, F., Källén, K., Blennow, M., Ewald, U., Fellman, V., Holmström, G., …… & Olhager, E. (2013). Neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm infants at 2.5 years after active perinatal care in Sweden. Jama, 309(17), 1810-1820
Shenfield, T., Trehub, S. E., & Nakata, T. (2003). Maternal singing modulates infant arousal. Psychology of Music, 31(4), 365-375
Sylvia, S., Warrinnier, N., Luo, R. F., Yue, A., Attanasio, O., Medina, A.,& Rozelle, S. (2017). From quantity to quality: Delivering a home-based parenting intervention through China’s family planning cadres. Working paper, Rural Education Action Program, Stanford University.
Tomopoulos, S., Dreyer, B. P., Tamis-LeMonda, C., Flynn, V., Rovira, I., Tineo, W., & Mendelsohn, A. L. (2006). Books, toys, parent-child interaction, and development in young Latino children. Academic Pediatrics, 6(2), 72-78
Walker, S. P., Wachs, T. D., Grantham-McGregor, S., Black, M. M., Nelson, C. A., Huffman, S. L., …… & Gardner, J. M. M. (2011). Inequality in early childhood: risk and protective factors for early child development. The Lancet, 378(9799), 1325-1338
Wang, L., Liang, Wilson., Zhang, S., Jonsson, L., Li, M., Yu, C., …… & Rozelle, S. (2019). Are infant/toddler developmental delays a problem across rural China?. Journal of Comparative Economics, 47(2), 458-469
Wang, L., Sun, Y., Liu, B., Zheng, L., Li, M., Bai, Y., …… & Rozelle, S. (2018). Is Infant/Toddler Anemia a Problem across Rural China? A Mixed-Methods Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), 1825
Yue, A., Shi, Y., Luo, R., Chen, J., Garth, J., Zhang, J., …… & Rozelle, S. (2017). China’s invisible crisis: Cognitive delays among rural toddlers and the absence of modern parenting. The China Journal, 78(1), 50-80
文章导航

/