纪念人力资本理论诞生六十周年

人力资本和物质资本对经济增长贡献的一个实证分析——纪念人力资本理论诞生六十周年

  • 黄依梵 ,
  • 丁小浩 ,
  • 陈然 ,
  • 闵维方
展开
  • 北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所,北京 100871

网络出版日期: 2020-10-20

基金资助

教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京大学教育经济研究所2016年度重大项目“经济新常态背景下的教育与经济增长”(16JJD880004)

An Empirical Analysis of the Contribution of Human Capital and Physical Capital to Economic Growth: Celebrating the 60th Anniversary of Human Capital Theory

  • Huang Yifan ,
  • Ding Xiaohao ,
  • Chen Ran ,
  • Min Weifang
Expand
  • Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Online published: 2020-10-20

摘要

对人力资本和物质资本在经济增长中贡献的比较是教育经济学的一个核心问题。本文分别用传统GDP和绿色GDP衡量经济增长,采用1990—2014年共143个国家和地区的面板数据,把人力资本要素引入到索洛模型当中,将经济增长对人力资本和物质资本的产出弹性进行比较,并分析了不同经济水平、不同产业结构下的弹性比值。研究结果表明,无论是传统GDP还是绿色GDP对于人力资本的弹性都要大于对物质资本的弹性;与传统GDP相比,反映经济可持续发展水平的绿色GDP对人力资本的变动更为敏感,尤其是处于较发达阶段的经济体。本文为更加深刻理解人力资本在经济增长中的作用提供了一个实证依据。

本文引用格式

黄依梵 , 丁小浩 , 陈然 , 闵维方 . 人力资本和物质资本对经济增长贡献的一个实证分析——纪念人力资本理论诞生六十周年[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020 , 38(10) : 21 -33 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.10.002

Abstract

The comparison of the contribution of human capital and physical capital to economic growth is a core issue of economics of education. We use traditional GDP and green GDP to measure economic growth, adopt panel data from 143 countries and regions from 1990 to 2014, introduce human capital into the Solow model to compare the output elasticity of human capital and physical capital and analyze their elastic ratios at different economic levels and different industrial structures. The result shows that both traditional GDP and green GDP are more flexible to human capital than to physical capital. Also, compared with traditional GDP, green GDP, which reflects the level of sustainable economic development, is more sensitive to the changes of human capital, especially when it is an economy in a more developed stage. This research provides an empirical basis for a deeper understanding of the role of human capital in economic growth.

参考文献

边雅静. (2011). 实物资本与人力资本的最佳比例关系研究. 北京: 中国经济出版社.
陈然, 丁小浩, 闵维方. (2019). 教育对绿色GDP的贡献研究. 教育研究, (5),137
成邦文, 刘树梅, 吴晓梅. (2001). C-D生产函数的一个重要性质. 数量经济技术经济研究, (07),78-80
杜育红, 赵冉. (2018). 教育在经济增长中的作用: 要素积累、效率提升抑或资本互补?. 教育研究,39(05),27-35
方超, 黄斌. (2018). 教育投入对中国经济增长的影响——基于增长回归框架的空间计量研究. 大连理工大学学报(社会科学版),39(06),91-99
高宇明, 齐忠英. (2008). 基于时变参数的我国全要素生产率估计. 数量经济技术经济研究, (02),100-109+121
郭晗, 任保平. (2014). 结构变动、要素产出弹性与中国潜在经济增长率. 数量经济技术经济研究,31(12),72-84
郭志仪, 曹建云. (2008). 人力资本和物质资本对我国东、西部经济增长及其波动影响的比较分析. 中国人口资源与环境, (01),133-138
闵维方. (2017). 教育促进经济增长的作用机制研究. 北京大学教育评论,15(03),123-136
聂玉立, 温湖炜. (2015). 中国地级以上城市绿色经济效率实证研究. 中国人口·资源与环境,25(S1),409-413
孙敬水, 董亚娟. (2007). 人力资本、物质资本与经济增长. 山西财经大学学报, (04),37-43
孙琳琳, 任若恩. (2005). 中国资本投入和全要素生产率的估算. 世界经济, (12),3-13
汤兵勇, 宋家第. (1988). Solow增长速度模型中参数α、β的动态辨识. 黑龙江大学自然科学学报, (04),38-42
杨文举. (2015). 引入人力资本的绿色经济增长核算: 以中国省份经济为例. 财贸研究,26(02),1-8+84
Arrow, K.J., Chenery, H.B., Minhas, B.S., and Solow, R.M. (1961). Capital-labor substitution and economic efficiency. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 43(3), 225-250
Barro, R.J., Lee, J.W. (1994). Sources of economic growth. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 40(1), 1-46
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. New York: Columbia University Press.
Christensen, L.R., Jorgenson, D.W., Lau, L.J. (1973). Transcendental logarithmic production frontiers. The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, 55(1), 28-45
Clark, C. (1940). The Conditions of Economic Progress. London: Macmillan.
Cobb, C.W., Douglas, P.H. (1928). A theory of production. American Economic Review, 18(Suppl), 139-165
Domar, E.D. (1946). Capital expansion, rate of growth and employment. Econometrica, 14, 137-147
Gao, W.J., Ding, X.H., Chen, R., Min, W.F. (2019). An empirical study of the role of higher education in building a green economy, Sustainability, 11, 6823, 2-14.
Harrod, R.F. (1939). An essay in dynamic theory. Economic Journal, 49(78), 14-33
Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46, 1251-1271.
Klump, R., Preissler, H. (2000). CES production functions and economic growth. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 102, 41-56
Kyriacou, G.A. (1991). Level and growth effects of human capital: A cross-country study of the convergence hypothesis. Working Papers (New York University, New York, NY).
Lin, W., Yang, J., Chen, B. (2011). Temporal and spatial analysis of integrated energy and environment efficiency in china based on a green GDP index. Energies, 4(12), 1376-1390
Lucas, R.E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3-42
Mamuneas, T.P., Savvides, A., Stengos, T. (2006). Economic development and the return to human capital: A smooth coefficient semiparametric approach. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 21, 111-132
Mankiw, N.G., Romer, D. & Weil, D.N. (1992). A contribution to the empirics of economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economies, 107(2), 407-437
Pablo-Romero, M. del P., Gómez-Calero, M. de la P. (2013). Atranslog production function for the Spanish provinces: Impact of the human and physical capital in economic growth. Economic Modelling, 32(C), 77-87
Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous technological change. Journal of political Economy, 98(5), 71—102.
Pritchett, L. (2001). Where has all the education gone. World Bank Economic Review, 15(3), 367-391
Sato R., Hoffman R F. (1968). Production functions with variable elasticity of factor substitution: some analysis and testing. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 453-460
Savvides, A., Stengos, T. (2009). Human capital and economic growth. Stanford Economics and Finance, Stanford, California.
Schultz, T.W. (1961). Education and economic growth, In N.B. Henry(Ed.), Social forces influencing American education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 85-90.
Solow, R.M. (1956). A contribution to the economic growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94
Swan, T.W. (1956). Economic growth and capital accumulation. Economic Record, 32, 334-361
文章导航

/