基础教育

小学入学年龄对儿童义务教育阶段学校表现的影响

  • 徐浙宁
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  • 上海社会科学院社会学研究所,上海 200020

网络出版日期: 2021-02-07

基金资助

国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于‘健康中国2030’目标的青少年健康素养及城乡平等促进研究”(20BRK038)

The Effect of School Entrance Age on School Performance of Children and Adolescents in Compulsory Education

  • Zhening Xu
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  • Institute of Sociology, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020, China

Online published: 2021-02-07

摘要

在义务教育阶段,由于“入学年龄截止日期”的设定,导致了在同学年入学的儿童中,不同出生日期儿童的实际入学年龄不同。本研究利用上海市中小学生抽样调查数据,分析小学入学年龄对儿童学校表现的影响,探讨义务教育阶段的“相对年龄效应”。研究结果表明:小学阶段的相对年龄效应显著,直到初中后这一效应逐渐减弱甚至消失,但入学年龄对夏季生儿童的学校表现影响将从小学持续到初中;相对年龄效应对男女儿童的学习成绩均具显著影响,对女童的社会交往也具有显著影响;家庭资源对相对年龄效应具有调节作用。

本文引用格式

徐浙宁 . 小学入学年龄对儿童义务教育阶段学校表现的影响[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2021 , 39(2) : 100 -114 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.02.009

Abstract

In the stage of compulsory education, the actual school entrance age in the same school year is different due to the cut-off date for school admission. Based on the sample survey of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, the effect of school entrance age on school performance was analyzed and the relative-age effect was discussed. The results showed that the relative-age effect in primary schools was significant, which gradually weakened or even disappeared after junior middle schools.But the school performance of summer-born children was more disadvantageous than those who were born in autumn from primary to the junior middle schools.The relative-age effect was significant on the academic achievement of both boys and girls, as well as on the social interaction of girls. Family resources can moderate the relative-age effect.

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