Research Report on Employment Trends of Chinese College Graduates: Based on 2003—2021 Survey Data

  • Changjun Yue ,
  • Qinxue Feng ,
  • Xiaojia Xin ,
  • Wenqi Qiu
Expand
  • 1. Institute of Economics of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2. Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    3. Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Online published: 2023-08-28

Abstract

Based on ten national survey data sets on Chinese college graduates’ employment status from 2003 to 2021, this paper conducts empirical analysis on employment characteristics and trend of Chinese college graduates. The main conclusions are as follows. First, from the perspective of graduation destination, the proportion of formal employment has reached a new low level, while the proportion of further education continues to rise. The placement rate has declined, and the unemployment rate has rebounded. The placement rates of graduates with different educational levels tends to converge. Second, from the perspective of employment quality, the higher the graduates’ education level, the higher the starting salary and the faster the salary grows. There is a L-shaped downward trend in relative starting salary. Nearly 50% of graduates have lower starting salaries than expected. Employment satisfaction is on a fluctuating upward trend. Third, from the perspective of employment structure, the employment proportion in large and medium-sized cities exceeds 80%. The employment proportion of private enterprises has jumped to first place. The employment proportion of enterprises increases at the beginning and then decreases, which exceeds 50%. Career types shift from homogenization towards diversification, then back to homogenization. The education industry has become the preferred choice for graduates. Fourth, from the perspective of employment matching, the proportion of education-job match first decreases and then increases, exceeding 70%. The proportion of major-job mismatch is about 40%. Fifth, from the perspective of job-searching status, schools are the main source of job-searching information. The number of job applications has not gradually increased over time, and some graduates have obtained job opportunities but do not accept. Expenses on human relationship, transportation and clothing are the three major job-searching expenses. Ability is the most important factor that affects employment outcomes. Graduates have stable career intentions, attaching importance to prospects and income.

Cite this article

Changjun Yue , Qinxue Feng , Xiaojia Xin , Wenqi Qiu . Research Report on Employment Trends of Chinese College Graduates: Based on 2003—2021 Survey Data[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2023 , 41(9) : 138 -154 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.09.010

References

null 教育部高校学生司. 2021届高校毕业生就业工作进展情况. 取自: http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/xw_fbh/moe_2606/2021/tqh_210513/sfcl/202105/t20210513_531163.html. [2021−05−13].
null 毛军发. 一流大学与科技革命 科技导报 2022 13 1 毛军发. (2022). 一流大学与科技革命. 科技导报,(13),1.
null 任保平. 从中国经济增长奇迹到经济高质量发展 政治经济学评论 2022 6 3 34 任保平. (2022). 从中国经济增长奇迹到经济高质量发展. 政治经济学评论,(6),3—34.
null 王经忠. 基于供求关系分析的高校毕业生就业形势的判断 中国高等教育 2020 6 48 50 王经忠. (2020). 基于供求关系分析的高校毕业生就业形势的判断. 中国高等教育,(6),48—50.
null 王敬文. 习近平“新常态”表述 “新”在哪里?“常”在何处?. 取自: http://www.ce.cn/xwzx/gnsz/szyw/201408/10/t20140810_3322950.shtml. [2014−08−10].
null 叶雨婷. 教育部部长怀进鹏: 把就业作为高等教育结构调整重要内容. 取自: https://s.cyol.com/articles/2022-09/09/content_1RnYLjuL.html?gid=VnDMvYk4. [2022−09−09].
null 岳昌君, 邱文琪. 疫情防控常态化背景下高等学校毕业生就业状况及影响因素 教育研究 2022 6 28 44 岳昌君, 邱文琪. (2022). 疫情防控常态化背景下高等学校毕业生就业状况及影响因素. 教育研究,(6),28—44.
null 岳昌君, 夏洁, 邱文琪. 2019年全国高校毕业生就业状况实证研究 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) 2020 38 4 1 17 岳昌君, 夏洁, 邱文琪. (2020). 2019年全国高校毕业生就业状况实证研究. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),38(4),1—17.
null 岳昌君, 周丽萍. 中国高校毕业生就业趋势分析: 2003—2017年 北京大学教育评论 2017 4 87 106+187 岳昌君, 周丽萍. (2017). 中国高校毕业生就业趋势分析: 2003—2017年. 北京大学教育评论,(4),87—106+187.
null 岳昌君. 高质量发展下的人力资源需求 国家教育行政学院学报 2022 3 8 10 岳昌君. (2022). 高质量发展下的人力资源需求. 国家教育行政学院学报,(3),8—10.
Outlines

/