Abstract: Resilience refers to achieve positive outcomes despite challenging or threatening circumstance, copying successfully with traumatic experience, and avoiding negative paths linked with risks. Research on resilience in the behavioral sciences began to emerge around 1970 and has gained more and more attention in western countries. However, the psychologists in China did not begin to study it until the 2000s. This paper offers a review of the literature on resilience beginning in the 2000s to the present. The results are as follows: There are varying definitions of resilience and central terminology in western countries, which slow the development the field. Scholars may give us different definitions from different angles of their own aspects, so the definitions and translations of resilience are also not consistent in China. The subject of resilience in our country has its characteristics. The researches mainly focus on migrant children, left-behind children and children in Wenchuan earthquake stricken, but seldom focus on other groups. Expect for revised foreign instruments, researchers also have explored some localized scales. With the development of these localized scales, the current studies of resilience in China are promising. Resilience is inhibited by risk factors and prompted by protective factors. Protective factors alter responses to adverse events so that potential negative outcomes can be avoided. The individual factors (e.g., gender, grade, personality, social cognition), together with the factors from family (e.g., parent-child attachment, social support, parenting style, family conditions), school (e.g., peers, teachers, school types) and society are the main influencing factors to the development of their resilience. Now, the intervention for resilience of children in our country has just started. Most of the interventions are lack of systematization and persistence. The key idea in future work is that interventions need to focus on the combination of individual –level, family level and social environment level of children’s development. As a result,firstly, the future study need clarify the definition of resilience (e.g., the meaning of risk and the positive outcome).Secondly, the future research should focus on mixed method designs (e.g., combination with qualitative and quantitative methods, combination with longitudinal study and cross-sectional study). Thirdly, the study need broaden study subjects (e.g., various children in different areas and circumstances) and contents (e.g., emotional resilience, academic resilience, social resilience). Fourthly, the future study need strength the systematic intervention with multiple perspectives. Finally, the localization study has just begun in china and also need to strengthen in the future. The review is valuable and it points out the weakness of our study in resilience by analyzing the papers in these areas at present and the striving direction to strengthen in the future.