Beyond the Three Stages Theory: Rethinking the American Educational Historiography in the 20th Century

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Since the reform and opening-up, researchers in China has started the study on the American educational historiography in the 20th century. In the past forty years, the researchers have divided the history of American educational historiography into three stages: traditionalist, conservative revisionist, and radical revisionist. This framework of interpretation was widely recognized by the scholarship community. It is of some value. But it also brings some paradox and misunderstanding. This paper explores and interprets the key documents, and then presents the parts which were exaggerated, misread, ignored and underestimated in the three stages theory. Different schools just generalizes different points of view, but they cannot represent the panorama of the academic research. The stereotyped tagging and simplification are not advisable to have an objective and accurate understanding of academic history. The analysis of academic history and topic study complement each other. Rethinking the history of American educational historiography is of great significance to the development of history of education research.

Key words: American educational historiography, three stages, revisionist, Cubberley, Bailyn, Cremin

Huimin Wang. Beyond the Three Stages Theory: Rethinking the American Educational Historiography in the 20th Century[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2024, 42(3): 99-114.

Figures/Tables 1

References 0

	巴勒克拉夫. (1987). 当代史学主要趋势(杨豫译). 上海: 上海译文出版社.
	鲍硕来, 诸园. 美国女性教育史学的三重视野学术界 2015 3 139 148 鲍硕来, 诸园. (2015). 美国女性教育史学的三重视野. 学术界,(3),139—148. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1698.2015.03.014
	丁坤. 从边缘到主流: 美国女子高等教育史学的演变及特征黑龙江高教研究 2010 28 11 28 31 丁坤. (2010). 从边缘到主流: 美国女子高等教育史学的演变及特征. 黑龙江高教研究,28(11),28—31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-2614.2010.11.009
	杜成宪, 邓明言. (2004). 教育史学. 北京: 人民教育出版社.
	冯强. 多元文化: 美国教育史学的族群课题外国教育研究 2019 46 3 14 27 冯强. (2019). 多元文化: 美国教育史学的族群课题. 外国教育研究,46(3),14—27.
	傅林. 20世纪西方新史学范式对外国教育史研究的启示教育研究 2003 24 11 57 63 傅林. (2003). 20世纪西方新史学范式对外国教育史研究的启示. 教育研究,24(11),57—63.
	郭航. (2019). 20世纪下半期美国高等教育史学发展历程研究. 南京: 南京师范大学博士论文.
	克雷明. (2013). 学校的变革(单中惠, 马晓斌译). 济南: 山东教育出版社.
	李剑鸣. (2007). 历史学家的修养和技艺. 上海: 上海三联书店.
	林伟. 美国高等教育史学的发展与趋势高等教育研究 2010 31 3 88 93 林伟. (2010). 美国高等教育史学的发展与趋势. 高等教育研究,31(3),88—93.
	柳艳红. (2003). 美国教育史学流派研究. 保定: 河北大学硕士论文.
	麦克米伦. (2021). 历史的运用与滥用(孙唯瀚译). 桂林: 广西师范大学出版社.
	伊格尔斯, 王晴佳, 穆赫吉. (2019). 全球史学史(第二版)(杨豫, 王晴佳译). 北京: 北京大学出版社.
	史静寰, 延建林. (2014). 西方教育史学百年史论. 北京: 人民教育出版社.
	孙碧. 民主凯歌、社会控制还是文化整合——美国教育史学界中公立学校运动解释模式变迁现代教育论丛 2019 2 74 83 孙碧. (2019). 民主凯歌、社会控制还是文化整合—美国教育史学界中公立学校运动解释模式变迁. 现代教育论丛,(2),74—83. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6762.2019.02.011
	滕大春. 战后美国教育史界的流派和论战华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) 1982 5 6 69 76 滕大春. (1982). 战后美国教育史界的流派和论战. 华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),5(6),69—76.
	王保星. 教育史作用的社会诊断: 伯纳德•贝林教育史观解析河北师范大学学报(教育科学版) 2016 18 1 10 14 王保星. (2016). 教育史作用的社会诊断: 伯纳德•贝林教育史观解析. 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版),18(1),10—14.
	王堂堂, 周采. 微观史学思想与美国新教育史学转向中国人民大学教育学刊 2014 2 2 158 167 王堂堂, 周采. (2014). 微观史学思想与美国新教育史学转向. 中国人民大学教育学刊,2(2),158—167.
	王永波, 杨捷. 当代美国后修正主义教育史学探析教育史研究 2021 3 1 24 33 王永波, 杨捷. (2021). 当代美国后修正主义教育史学探析. 教育史研究,3(1),24—33. doi: 10.19876/j.cnki.jysyj.2021.01.003
	维齐. 美国史学研究的新方向(无其译) 现代外国哲学社会科学文摘 1982 8 20 23 维齐. (1982). 美国史学研究的新方向(无其译). 现代外国哲学社会科学文摘,(8),20—23.
	维齐. 美国教育史的研究现状(解源, 师实译) 国外社会科学文摘 1984 2 17 19 维齐. (1984). 美国教育史的研究现状(解源, 师实译). 国外社会科学文摘,(2),17—19.
	邬春芹. (2013). 美国城市教育史学发展历程研究. 南京: 南京师范大学博士论文.
	邬春芹. 美国城市教育史学发展历程初探河北师范大学学报(教育科学版) 2014 16 5 30 33 邬春芹. (2014). 美国城市教育史学发展历程初探. 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版),16(5),30—33.
	邬春芹. (2016). 美国城市教育史学的历史演进. 南京: 南京大学出版社.
	邬春芹. 西方城市教育史研究: 对象、方法与功能教育史研究 2021 3 3 51 56 邬春芹. (2021). 西方城市教育史研究: 对象、方法与功能. 教育史研究,3(3),51—56.
	吴小平. 西方教育史学的形成与发展外国教育动态 1984 6 2 19 24 吴小平. (1984). 西方教育史学的形成与发展. 外国教育动态,6(2),19—24.
	赵祥麟. 关于外国教育史学科体系的几个问题华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) 1984 2 1 76 82 赵祥麟. (1984). 关于外国教育史学科体系的几个问题. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),2(1),76—82.
	张薇, 贺国庆. 20世纪美国教育史研究的发展教育评论 2003 1 93 96 张薇, 贺国庆. (2003). 20世纪美国教育史研究的发展. 教育评论,(1),93—96.
	周洪宇. (2018). 教育史学通论(下卷). 北京: 人民教育出版社.
	周洪宇, 周采. (2019). 教育史学前沿研究(下卷). 济南: 山东教育出版社.
	周采. 20世纪美国教育史学的思考南京师大学报(社会科学版) 2003a 6 84 91 周采. (2003a). 20世纪美国教育史学的思考. 南京师大学报(社会科学版),(6),84—91.
	周采. 美国教育史学的创立教育研究与实验 2003b 2 39 43 周采. (2003b). 美国教育史学的创立. 教育研究与实验,(2),39—43.
	周采. 美国教育史学中的温和修正派教育研究与实验 2005 2 49 52 周采. (2005). 美国教育史学中的温和修正派. 教育研究与实验,(2),49—52.
	周采. (2006). 美国教育史学: 嬗变与超越. 北京: 人民教育出版社.
	周采. 战后美国教育史学发展趋势大学教育科学 2009 5 76 79 周采. (2009). 战后美国教育史学发展趋势. 大学教育科学,(5),76—79.
	周采. 历史研究视角的转移与战后西方教育史学清华大学教育研究 2010 31 1 20 25 周采. (2010). 历史研究视角的转移与战后西方教育史学. 清华大学教育研究,31(1),20—25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4519.2010.01.004
	周采. 多元文化主义视阈下的美国教育史研究教育学报 2015a 11 3 99 107 周采. (2015a). 多元文化主义视阈下的美国教育史研究. 教育学报,11(3),99—107.
	周采. 西方教育史学研究综述: 2000—2015年河北师范大学学报(教育科学版) 2015b 17 6 53 57 周采. (2015b). 西方教育史学研究综述: 2000—2015年. 河北师范大学学报(教育科学版),17(6),53—57.
	周愚文. 美国教育史学发展初探(1842—1999) 國立編譯館館刊 2000 29 2 229 267 周愚文. (2000). 美国教育史学发展初探(1842—1999). 國立編譯館館刊,29(2),229—267.
	周愚文. 辉格史观与教育史解释教育研究集刊 2007 53 1 1 20 周愚文. (2007). 辉格史观与教育史解释. 教育研究集刊,53(1),1—20.
	朱旭东. 论20世纪美国教育史研究的嬗变清华大学教育研究 2002 23 3 44 53 朱旭东. (2002). 论20世纪美国教育史研究的嬗变. 清华大学教育研究,23(3),44—53. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4519.2002.03.007
	诸园. 战后美国女性主义教育史学的发展和趋势清华大学教育研究 2012 33 5 35 40 诸园. (2012). 战后美国女性主义教育史学的发展和趋势. 清华大学教育研究,33(5),35—40. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4519.2012.05.005
	诸园. (2015). 美国女性教育史学史研究. 南京: 南京师范大学博士论文.
	诸园. (2017). 美国女性教育史学史. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社.
	诸园, 周采. 琳达•艾森曼与美国女性教育史学的转向中国高等教育 2018 12 61 63 诸园, 周采. (2018). 琳达•艾森曼与美国女性教育史学的转向. 中国高等教育,(12),61—63.
	Anderson, A. W. Is there a functional role for the history of education in the training of teachers? History of Education Journal 1949 1 2 55 69 Anderson, A. W. (1949). Is there a functional role for the history of education in the training of teachers?. History of Education Journal, 1(2), 55—69.
	Anderson, A. W. The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of teachers, Part Two: Bases of proposals concerning the history of education History of Education Journal 1956 7 2 37 98 Anderson, A. W. (1956). The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of teachers, Part Two: Bases of proposals concerning the history of education. History of Education Journal, 7(2), 37—98.
	Andrews, C. M. (1921). Colonial folkways: A chronicle of American life in the Reign of the Georges. New Haven: Yale University Press.
	Appleby, J. The social origins of American revolutionary ideology The Journal of American History 1978 64 4 935 958 Appleby, J. (1978). The social origins of American revolutionary ideology. The Journal of American History, 64(4), 935—958. doi: 10.2307/1890731
	Bailyn, B. (1960). Education in the forming of American society: Needs and opportunities for study. New York: Vintage Books.
	Bailyn, B. (1994). On the teaching and of writing of history: Responses to a series of questions. Hanover: University Press of New England.
	Bond, H. M. The role of the history of education in understanding the struggle for equalizing educational opportunity History of Education Journal 1950 1 3 101 107 Bond, H. M. (1950). The role of the history of education in understanding the struggle for equalizing educational opportunity. History of Education Journal, 1(3), 101—107.
	Brickman, W. W. Revisionism and the study of the history of education History of Education Quarterly 1964 4 4 209 223 Brickman, W. W. (1964). Revisionism and the study of the history of education. History of Education Quarterly, 4(4), 209—223. doi: 10.2307/367497
	Buck, P. H., Faust, C. H., Hofstadter, R., Schlesinger, A. M., Storr, R. J. (1957). The role of education in American history. New York: The Fund for the Advancement of Education.
	Burnham, W. H., Suzzallo, H. (1908). The history of education as a professional subject. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.
	Butts, R. F. Volume One, Number One History of Education Journal 1949 1 1 1 6 Butts, R. F. (1949). Volume One, Number One. History of Education Journal, 1(1), 1—6.
	Channing, E. P. (1921). A History of the United States, Volume V: The Period of Transition, 1815–1848. New York: The McMillan Company.
	Chiappetta, M., Anderson, A. W. The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of eeachers, Part Three: Recommendations of the committee History of Education Journal 1956 7 3 99 132 Chiappetta, M., Anderson, A. W. (1956). The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of eeachers, Part Three: Recommendations of the committee. History of Education Journal, 7(3), 99—132.
	Church, R. L., Katz, M. B., Silver, H. and Cremin, L. A. The metropolitan experience in American education History of Education Quarterly 1989 29 3 419 446 Church, R. L., Katz, M. B., Silver, H. and Cremin, L. A. (1989). The metropolitan experience in American education. History of Education Quarterly, 29(3), 419—446. doi: 10.2307/368911
	Cohen, S. (1977). The history of education in the United States: Historians of education and their discontents. In Reeder, D. (ed.). Urban Education in the Nineteenth Century. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd.
	Committee on the Role of Education in American History. (1965). Education and American history. New York: The Fund for the Advancement of Education.
	Cremin, L. A. (1965). The wonderful world of Ellwood Patterson Cubberley: An essay on the historiography of American education. New York: Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University.
	Cremin, L. A. (1977). Traditions of American education. New York: Basic Books.
	Cremin, L. A. The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of teachers, Part One: The recent development of the history of education as a field of study in the United States History of Education Journal 1955 7 1 1 35 Cremin, L. A. (1955). The role of the history of education in the professional preparation of teachers, Part One: The recent development of the history of education as a field of study in the United States. History of Education Journal, 7(1), 1—35.
	Donato, R., Lazerson, M. New directions in American educational history: Problems and prospects Educational Researcher 2000 29 8 4 15 Donato, R., Lazerson, M. (2000). New directions in American educational history: Problems and prospects. Educational Researcher, 29(8), 4—15. doi: 10.3102/0013189X029008004
	Earle, A. M. (1894). Diary of Anna Green Winslow, A Boston school girl of 1771. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
	Edwards, N. , Richey, H. G. (1947). The school in the American social order: The dynamics of American education. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
	Fallace, T. D. The (Anti-)ideological origins of Bernard Bailyn’s education in the forming of American society History of Education Quarterly 2018 58 3 315 337 Fallace, T. D. (2018). The (Anti-)ideological origins of Bernard Bailyn’s education in the forming of American society. History of Education Quarterly, 58(3), 315—337. doi: 10.1017/heq.2018.13
	Fraser, J. W. Where is Ellwood Cubberley when we need him? A response History of Education Quarterly 2013 53 2 170 176 Fraser, J. W. (2013). Where is Ellwood Cubberley when we need him? A response. History of Education Quarterly, 53(2), 170—176. doi: 10.1111/hoeq.12016
	Gaither, M. (2003). American educational history revisited: A critique of progress. New York: Teachers College Press.
	Gaither, M. Is it time for another historiographical revolution? History of Education Quarterly 2013 53 2 177 183 Gaither, M. (2013). Is it time for another historiographical revolution?. History of Education Quarterly, 53(2), 177—183. doi: 10.1111/hoeq.12017
	Gaither, M., Alridge, D. P., Dzuback, M. A., Hartman, A., Fallace, T. Reconsider Bailyn: Response History of Education Quarterly 2018 58 3 338 360 Gaither, M., Alridge, D. P., Dzuback, M. A., Hartman, A., Fallace, T. (2018). Reconsider Bailyn: Response. History of Education Quarterly, 58(3), 338—360. doi: 10.1017/heq.2018.14
	Good, H. G. Historical research in education Educational Research Bulletin 1930 9 1 7 18 Good, H. G. (1930). Historical research in education. Educational Research Bulletin, 9(1), 7—18.
	Gordon, C. Crafting a usable past: Consensus, ideology, and historians of the American revolution The William and Mary Quarterly 1989 46 4 671 695 Gordon, C. (1989). Crafting a usable past: Consensus, ideology, and historians of the American revolution. The William and Mary Quarterly, 46(4), 671—695. doi: 10.2307/1922779
	Guthrie, K. S. L. (1899-1908?)Values of history of education. New York: The Platonist Press.
	Handlin, O. Introductory note Harvard Educational Review 1961 31 2 121 123 Handlin, O. (1961). Introductory note. Harvard Educational Review, 31(2), 121—123.
	Hechinger, F. M. (1967). Education: End of 'Fund for the Advancement'. New York Times, 1967-4-23.
	Herberg, W. (1958). Religion, democracy and public education. In Cogley, J. (ed.). Religion in America: Original essays on religion in a free society. New York: Meridian Books, Inc.
	Herbst, J. Beyond the debate over revisionism: Three educational pasts writ large History of Education Quarterly 1980 20 2 131 145 Herbst, J. (1980). Beyond the debate over revisionism: Three educational pasts writ large. History of Education Quarterly, 20(2), 131—145. doi: 10.2307/367908
	Hiner, N. R. History of education for the 1990s and beyond: The case for academic imperialism History of Education Quarterly 1990 30 2 137 160 Hiner, N. R. (1990). History of education for the 1990s and beyond: The case for academic imperialism. History of Education Quarterly, 30(2), 137—160. doi: 10.2307/368654
	History of Education Society. (1960). Constitution of history of education society, adopted at the annual meeting of the society, February 11, 1960. Retrieved from https://pk.tc.columbia.edu/item/Constitution-Of-The-History-Of-Education-Society-90828.
	Kaestle, C. F. (1988). Resent methodological development in the history of American education. In Jaeger, R. M. (ed.). Complementary methods for research in education. Washington D. C.: American Educational Research Association.
	Noble, S. G. The relevance of the history of education to current problems History of Education Journal 1949 1 2 78 79 Noble, S. G. (1949). The relevance of the history of education to current problems. History of Education Journal, 1(2), 78—79.
	Noll, J. F. (1942). Our national enemy number one: Education without religion. Huntington: Our Sunday Visitor Press.
	Ravitch, D. The revisionists revised: A critique of the radical attack on the schools New York:Basic Books 1978 Inc. Publishers Ravitch, D. (1978). The revisionists revised: A critique of the radical attack on the schools. New York:Basic Books, Inc., Publishers.
	Read, C. The social responsibilities of the historian The American Historical Review 1950 55 2 275 285 Read, C. (1950). The social responsibilities of the historian. The American Historical Review, 55(2), 275—285. doi: 10.2307/1843727
	Reese, W. J., Rury, J. L. (2008). Rethinking the history of American education. New York: Palgrave McMillan.
	Schlesinger, A. M., et al. (1932). Historical scholarship in America: Needs and opportunities. New York: Ray Long & Richard R. Smith, Inc.
	Slosson, E. E. (1921). The American spirit in education: A chronicle of great teachers. New Haven: Yale University Press.
	Smith, W. The new historian of American education: Some notes for a portrait Harvard Educational Review 1961 31 2 136 143 Smith, W. (1961). The new historian of American education: Some notes for a portrait. Harvard Educational Review, 31(2), 136—143.
	Storr, R. J. The role of education in American history: A memorandum for the committee advising the Fund for the Advancement of Education in regard to this subject Harvard Educational Review 1976 46 3 331 354 Storr, R. J. (1976). The role of education in American history: A memorandum for the committee advising the Fund for the Advancement of Education in regard to this subject. Harvard Educational Review, 46(3), 331—354. doi: 10.17763/haer.46.3.ug5642785074584n
	Turner, F. J. (1920). The frontier in American history. New York: Henry Holt and Company.
	Urban, W. J. The word from a Walrus: Five decades of the history of education society History of Education Quarterly 2010 50 4 429 459 Urban, W. J. (2010). The word from a Walrus: Five decades of the history of education society. History of Education Quarterly, 50(4), 429—459. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5959.2010.00289.x
	Williams, L. P. Educational history as a humanistic discipline History of Education Journal 1953 4 4 121 123 Williams, L. P. (1953). Educational history as a humanistic discipline. History of Education Journal, 4(4), 121—123.
	Williams, S. R. (2013). Alice Morse Earle and the domestic history of early America. Amherst and Boston: University of Massachusetts.
	Woody, T. Fields that are white History of Education Journal 1950 2 1 2 17 Woody, T. (1950). Fields that are white. History of Education Journal, 2(1), 2—17.
	Woodring, P. (1970). Investment in innovation: An historical appraisal of the Fund for the Advancement of Education. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

1957年报告所列主题及其顺序	各主题下的研究建议	1965年修订的顺序
1. 边疆新社区的建立	西部拓疆的过程中，教育及其机构如何为新的社区服务	1
2. 移民的美国化	教育如何助力完成移民的美国化，其作用和地位如何	4
3. 美国式生活诺言的兑现	教育可以促进平等也可以固化不平等，但机会均等与否确实与教育有着密切关系，其复杂的关系应予以细致考察	5
4. 美国政治体制的发展	美国的民主与教育之间相互依赖，应在二者的联系中认识美国	6
5. 美国社会的转型	教育机构在美国社会发展中起着重要作用，理解美国须研究教育	7
6. 极其丰富的国家物质资源的利用	国家财富的增长有赖于人力资源开发、有赖于教育，应探究美国人在历史上如何逐渐意识到教育对于国家繁荣的作用	3
7. 与美国作为一个世界强国日益增长的责任相适应的外交政策的调整	民主制度在世界中的地位取决于公共舆论，而美国人对于世界的认识取决于教育，对教育的历史研究应与世界局势相联系	2
8. 在一片广袤的土地上一种独特的美国文化的形成	各种教育机构对美国人的语言、文学、艺术、思想等都有着塑造作用，应考察教育与美国文化演进之间的密切关联	8