Abstract:

As a crucial component of China’s education system, the National College Entrance Examination (Gaokao) not only serves the functions of talent selection and educational evaluation but also acts as an effective approach and a significant educational method for cultivating morality and fostering talent. Gaokao reform has long been a focal point in the field of educational research. In particular, the Gaokao evaluation system, as the core implementation basis for deepening the content reform of Gaokao in the new era, plays a pivotal role in guiding Gaokao test design, making it a critical topic in current research. Based on the Chinese Gaokao evaluation system, this study systematically explores the fundamental concepts and overall framework of Gaokao reform from an upstream research, proposing a new concept for Gaokao content reform guided by subject competencies. In midstream research, it further investigates how to construct an overall test design framework for Gaokao reform based on the subject competency system. Finally, in downstream research, it provides an in-depth analysis of the design of subject-specific test design plans based on subject competencies, thereby completing a closed-loop study of the overall concept and implementation pathways of Gaokao reform.

Key words: Gaokao reform, Gaokao evaluation system, Gaokao test design, two-level two-way table of specifications