Abstract: Chinese textbooks assemble collected articles. People’s imagination were reflected and expressed in the collected article. If an article was collected in lots of Chinese textbook, the imagination in this article were more generalized than others. According to the number was larger than or equal to the total number of Chinese textbook, the author use the method of statistics and subject analysis to analyze the collected articles in primary and secondary Chinese textbooks after Revolution of 1911.Depicts the imagination of the Republic of China of the independent, open and democratic, republican, modern farming, and thus drive together with Confucian ethics and code of conduct. During the five years after the revolution, demos had a series of intricate imagination about new institution. Therefore, the author can reveal the complicated mindset of people when they handle with modernity and tradition during the social transformation period.

Key words: the early Republic of China, 《Chinese Textbooks》, Imagination