科举是中国封建王朝通过设科考试选拔官吏的制度,其千年存续源自科举考试之于儒家伦理对专制政权正反效应导致统治困境的巧妙化解。从历史潮流来看,科举制度的废止是社会现代性转变中的历史必然。科举考试对中国造成了持久而深远的影响,千年科举积淀下来的考试文化根深蒂固。对科举制度尤其是官本位的考试思想及考试技术手段、传统文化中的人情伦理观念、不分门第的“公平”理念的批判性反思,可为现实考试制度的改革提供历史借鉴,进而探寻制度密钥,通过考试制度及其他制度的优化组合促进中国教育和社会的长足进步。
The imperial examination is the institution of selecting officials by exams in China's feudal dynasty, the millennium surviving from the imperial examinations in Confucian ethics of the positive and negative effects lead to dictatorship rule to resolve the plight of clever. It’s the historical necessity of the abolition of the imperial examination in the social modern transformation. Chinese imperial examinations causing lasting and far-reaching impact, the Millennium accumulated in the imperial examinations lingering and deep cultural tradition. The critical reflection on the imperial examination institution, especially the Confucian culture in human ethics, the impartiality in the imperial examination, the single exam test ideas and content of official position, Which can provide historical reference for the examination system reform a reality, and explore the system key, pass the exam and other institutions to optimize the combination of real strides to promote Chinese education and society.