从算法的角度追问教育评价改革，既是从信息技术的本质对教育评价进行批判反思，也是在厘清机遇和风险的基础上把脉教育评价改革的突破方向。算法推动教育评价改革的机遇在于：纠偏教育观念，提升评价的科学性；生产教育知识，提升评价的专业性；优化教育治理，彰显评价的客观性。然而受制于算法背后的复杂认知，教育评价也可能面临偏见强化、排名陷阱、数字鸿沟和物化困境等风险。鉴于此，为了实现“化风险为机遇”的改革追求，有必要推动教育评价算法在认知层面的方法突破、目的突破、对象突破和模式突破，即用溯因推理超越自证预言、用和平协议超越军备竞赛、用整体发展超越个体特征、用“厚”数据超越“薄”数据。

In terms of calculation method, the evaluation reform of education is questioned, which is not only a critical response to the evaluation on the basis of information technology, but also to grasp the breakthrough in the evaluation reform of education while clarifying the challenges and risks. The challenge of evaluation reform of education promoted by calculation lies in how to correct the educational concept, improve the scientificity of improving the evaluation; secondly, how to produce the knowledge of education and promote the professionality of evaluation; thirdly, how to optimize the educational governance and manifest the objectivity of the evaluation. However, limited to the complicated cognition behind the calculation, the evaluation may meet the risks such as the bias intensification, ranking trap, digital divide, materialization dilemma and etc. Regarding this, in order to realize the pursuit of the reform of “putting the risks into challenges”, it is necessary that the breakthrough of the calculation method of the evaluation reform of education should be prompted from the aspects of method in cognition, aim, object and mode, that is to surpass the self-fulfilling prophecy through pursuing the causes, transcend the race via peace agreement, to use the overall development to go beyond the individual features, finally the ample data to take place of the insufficient data.