基础教育

中小学生肥胖问题研究:校际差异及时间分配表征

  • 张文明 ,
  • 陈嘉晟
展开
  • 1. 华东师范大学社会发展学院,上海 200241
    2. 华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院 上海 200241

网络出版日期: 2022-01-20

基金资助

国家社科基金2021年度教育学一般课题“农村留守儿童社会性发展监测研究”(BHA210133)

Obesity in Primary and Middle School Students: Inter-school Differences and Time-use Patterns

  • Wenming Zhang ,
  • Jiasheng Chen
Expand
  • 1. School of Social Development ,East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241 China
    2. National Institutes of Educational Policy Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241 China

Online published: 2022-01-20

摘要

学校是否会形塑学生身体?为回答这一问题,基于“中小学生学习情况及学习环境调查(2020)”数据,通过“以个体为中心”的研究视角,运用潜在剖面分析、多层次次序Logistic回归,探讨基础教育阶段学校层面的校际差异与个体层面的时间分配模式是否对中小学生的肥胖程度产生影响。研究发现:(1)在小学阶段和初中阶段,学校评级与学校性质分别会对小学生与初中生的肥胖程度造成影响;高中阶段学校因素的影响不显著。(2)肥胖程度在时间分配模式上呈现出两种不同表征并随学段发生变化。在小学与初中阶段,作业型、均衡型与游戏型3种较多静态时间分配模式的学生更容易发胖。(3)中小学生肥胖的时间分配随着校际差异存在异质性表征,初中阶段尤为明显。相较于民办初中,公办初中的学生更容易因时间分配的不均衡而“致胖”。因此,在学校及学生健康政策制定中应当充分考虑中小学生肥胖的结构性特征,通过对作业、手机(游戏)、运动以及睡眠的时间进行政策性干预,进而从影响肥胖的外部因素角度有效遏制超重、肥胖现象的发生。

本文引用格式

张文明 , 陈嘉晟 . 中小学生肥胖问题研究:校际差异及时间分配表征[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2022 , 40(2) : 43 -56 . DOI: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.02.004

Abstract

Does school environment shape students’ bodies? To answer this question, based on the data from the Survey of Primary and Middle School Students’ Learning Situations and Learning Environments (2020), we investigated, through an “individual-centered” research perspective, latent profile analysis and multilevel ordinal logistic regression, whether inter-school differences and time-use patterns in basic education have an impact on obesity among primary and junior secondary school students. This research found that, first, at the primary and middle school level, the school level and the school type have an effect on the obesity of students. The effect of school factors at the senior high school level was not significant. Second, there are significant time-use patterns in obesity levels and two characteristics with school level. At the primary and middle school levels, students with more quiet time for homework and video games are more likely to be obese. Third, the time-use patterns of obesity among primary and middle school students were variable with inter-school differences and was particularly evident at the middle school level. Students in public middle schools were more likely to show differences in the time-use patterns of obesity compared to students in private middle schools. Therefore, the structural characteristics of obesity in primary and middle school students should be fully considered in the formulation of school and student health policies. Policy interventions should be made through the time spent on homework, cell phones (games), sport and sleep, so as to effectively curb the occurrence of overweight and obesity.

参考文献

1 陈宝生. (2020). 建设高质量教育体系 加快建成教育强国. 旗帜(12), 8- 10.
2 程兰,等. (2016). 中国9~11岁小学生体育锻炼、静态行为和超重与肥胖的关系. 北京大学学报(医学版)(03), 436- 441.
3 国家卫生健康委员会. (2018). 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查标准,取自 http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/pqt/201803/a7962d1ac01647b9837110bfd2d69b26.shtml.
4 国务院新闻办公室. (2020). 《中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)》发布会图文实录,取自: http://www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/xwbfbh/wqfbh/42311/44583/wz44585/Document/1695276/1695276.htm.
5 教育部. (2020). 六部门联合印发《儿童青少年肥胖防控实施方案》加强防控有效遏制超重肥胖流行. 取自: http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202011/t20201101_497657.html,
6 克里斯?希林. (2010), 身体与社会理论. (李康译), 北京: 北京大学出版社.
7 李彩虹, 朱志勇. (2020). 学校时间中的身体博弈. 教育科学研究(05), 5- 17.
8 李玉兰, 等. (2012). 儿童睡眠时间与肥胖的关系. 临床儿科杂志(01), 80- 83.
9 梁海祥. (2017). 居住方式对青少年健康的影响——基于中国教育追踪调查数据的实证研究. 华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)(06), 98- 107.
10 马颖,等. (2017). 广东3城市青少年睡眠时间运动情况与超重肥胖的相关性. 中国学校卫生(03), 338- 340+344.
11 彭莉, 谢慧松. (2006). 城市中学生的营养状况及其与生活时间分配的关系. 北京体育大学学报(12), 1651- 1653.
12 齐亚强. (2014). 自评一般健康的信度和效度分析. 社会(06), 196- 215.
13 邱皓政. (2008). 潜在类别模型的原理与技术(第一版), 北京: 教育科学出版社.
14 渠敬东. (2019). 教育要重回学生的健康, 要回归单纯朴素的心.取自: https://ishare.ifeng.com/c/s/v002uijAq6w1zdUmQjCv-4Rq0A-pIGLs_BA4beQ3vCgkDqI__.
15 汪志胜, 郑滔, 刘承宜. (2020). 我国中小学生超重、肥胖检出率变化趋势的拓扑学特征. 体育学刊(01), 139- 144.
16 王甫勤, 马瑜寅. (2020). 社会经济地位、社会资本与健康不平等. 华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)(06), 59- 66.
17 吴愈晓, 张帆. (2020). “近朱者赤”的健康代价: 同辈影响与青少年的学业成绩和心理健康. 教育研究(07), 123- 142.
18 吴愈晓, 黄超, 黄苏雯. (2017). 家庭、学校与文化的双重再生产: 文化资本效应的异质性分析. 社会发展研究(03), 1- 27+242.
19 谢东虹, 朱志胜. (2020). 健康的代际传递. 青年研究(06),1-12+91.
20 谢宇. (2013). 回归分析(修订版), 北京: 社会科学文献出版社.
21 熊琰, 王莉娜, 王蓓. (2009). 我国儿童单纯性肥胖影响因素的Meta分析. 中国学校卫生(04), 375- 378.
22 杨东玲, 罗春燕, 周月芳, 蒋惠芬, 王向东. (2015). 上海市小学生静态行为与超重肥胖的相关分析. 中国学校卫生(07), 983- 985.
23 杨睿. (2017). 健康和生活满意度如何与教育相联系. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)(05), 155- 158.
24 郑淮, 徐胜阳. (2016). “规训化”教育: 学校教育负功能的审视. 华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)(04), 95- 103.
25 朱晓文, 刘珈彤. (2019). 学校外的竞争——周末时间分配模式与青少年发展. 社会发展研究(04), 180- 205+241.
26 渡部かなえ. (2017). 学校保健からみた子どもの健康格差. 神奈川大学心理?教育研究論集, (41), 125- 129.
27 Anderson, P. M., & Butcher, K. F. (2006). Reading, writing, and refreshments: Are school finances contributing to children's obesity? The Journal of Human Resources, 41(3), 467—494.
28 Anderson, P. M., & Butcher, Kristin F.. (2006). Childhood obesity: Trends and potential causes. The Future of Children, 16 (1), 19- 45.
29 Branigan, A. R. (2017). (how) does obesity harm academic performance? stratification at the intersection of race, sex, and body size in elementary and high school. Sociology of Education, 90 (1), 25- 46.
30 Crosnoe, R., & Muller, C. (2004). Body mass index, academic achievement, and school context: Examining the educational experiences of adolescents at risk of obesity. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 45 (4), 393- 407.
31 Dolton, P., & Xiao, M. (2015). The intergenerational transmission of BMI in china. Economics and Human Biology, 19, 90- 113.
32 Ferrar, K., & Golley, R. (2015). Adolescent diet and time use clusters and associations with overweight and obesity and socioeconomic position. Health Education & Behavior, 42 (3), 361- 369.
33 Ferrar, K., Chang, C., Li, M., Ph. D, & Olds, T. S., Ph. D. (2013). Adolescent time use clusters: A systematic review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52 (3), 259- 270.
34 Gray, H. L., Burgermaster, M., Tipton, E., Contento, I. R., Koch, P. A., & Di Noia, J. (2016;2015;). Intraclass correlation coefficients for obesity indicators and energy Balance–Related behaviors among NewYork city public elementary schools. Health Education & Behavior, 43(2), 172—181.
35 Guo, S., & Hussey, D. L. (2004). Nonprobability sampling in social work research: Dilemmas, consequences, and strategies. Journal of Social Service Research, 30 (3), 1- 18.
36 Harris, K. M., & Schorpp, K. M. (2018). Integrating biomarkers in social stratification and health research. Annual Review of Sociology, 44 (1), 361- 386.
37 Hunt, Eithne, MSc., Pg. Dip. Stats, BSc. OT, & McKay, E. A., Ph. D. (2015). What can be learned from adolescent time diary research. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56 (3), 259- 266.
38 Plotnikoff, R. C., Bercovitz, K., & Loucaides, C. A. (2004). Physical activity, smoking, and obesity among Canadian school youth: Comparison between urban and rural schools. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 95 (6), 413- 418.
39 Wolf, S., Aber, J. L., & Morris, P. A. (2015). Patterns of time use among low—income urban minority adolescents and associations with academic outcomes and problem behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44 (6), 1208- 1225.
文章导航

/