Factors Influencing Chinese Returnees’ Employment Quality: Empirical Analysis Based on Ordinal Logistic Regression and ISM Model

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.12.004

Abstract

Abstract:

With the “new generation returnees” of the post-80s and post-90s returning to China for development, their employment quality have attracted widespread attention. The paper takes socio-demographic background, education abroad, job search at home into account and analyzes how their contained factors affect Chinese returnees’ employment quality (objective side and subjective side). 203 Chinese returnees who returned to China within three years participated in this study and filled out a questionnaire. Based on ordinal logistic regression, the study found that return time, form of study abroad, area of study abroad, length of study abroad, degree, job search intensity, number of interviews, area of the working and sector type affect objective employment quality (i.e., average monthly income), while one child or not, degree, return time, form of study abroad, re-entry adaption, the time of getting the first job, number of interviews, number of offers, area of the working, sector type as well as objective employment quality affect subjective employment quality (i.e., job–person fit match, job satisfaction as well as turnover intention). In addition, by forming a multi-level directional relationship with Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM), the paper found that socio-demographic and part of the educational experience abroad play an underlying role in the employment quality model; educational outcome abroad (such as degree and re-entry adaption, etc.) are indirect factor at the middle level; job search at home is directly related to the quality of job employment. The results are analyzed and recommendations to promote high-quality job quality are made.

Key words: Chinese returnees, employment quality, job search, education abroad, Logistic- ISM

Yunyun Liu, Yinghua Ye. Factors Influencing Chinese Returnees’ Employment Quality: Empirical Analysis Based on Ordinal Logistic Regression and ISM Model[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2021, 39(12): 42-58.

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References 0

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类别		数量	百分比
性别	男	114	56.2%
	女	89	43.8%
年龄	小于25岁	56	27.6%
	26-30岁	98	48.3%
	31-35岁	37	18.2%
	大于35	12	5.9%
留学区域	北美	57	28.1%
	欧洲	91	44.8%
	大洋洲	25	12.3%
	亚洲	30	14.8%
回国时间	2018年	53	26.1%
	2017年	54	26.6%
	2016年	37	18.2%
	2015年	39	19.2%
	2014年	20	9.9%
是否独生子女	是	104	51.2%
	否	99	48.8%
专业	理工类	127	62.6%
	经管类	41	20.2%
	社科与艺术类	25	12.3%
	其他	10	4.9%

维度	第一类	第二类	第三类
工作契合度	3.91	3.38	3.17
工作满意度	3.88	3.21	2.88
离职意向	4.51	3.44	1.94

平均月薪（元）	5000以下	5000-9999	10000-14999	15000-19999	20000以上
人数	5	72	67	39	20
百分比	2.5	35.5	33.0	19.2	9.9

维度	因素		估计值	Wald值	Sig.	OR值
社会人口学	F5-回国时间	2018年	?2.138	8.966	0.003**	0.118
		2017年	?2.612	12.890	0.000***	0.073
		2016年	?1.120	2.553	0.110	0.326
		2015年	?1.345	3.799	0.051	0.260
		2014年	0	—	—	1
海外教育经历	F8-留学形式	自费	?0.979	3.178	0.075	0.376
		国外奖学金	?0.333	0.380	0.538	0.717
		政府项目资助	0	—	—	1
	F9-留学区域	北美	1.168	3.612	0.057	3.216
		欧洲	0.269	0.225	0.635	1.309
		大洋洲	0.471	0.461	0.497	1.601
		亚洲	0	—	—	1
	F10-留学年限	3年及以内	?2.230	5.014	0.025*	0.108
		4-6 年	?1.273	1.657	0.198	0.280
		6年以上	0	—	—	1
	F11-学历	海外本科	?3.935	20.075	0.000***	0.020
		海外本科+海外硕士	?3.988	7.925	0.005**	0.019
		国内普通院校本科+海外硕士	?1.811	8.551	0.003**	0.164
		国内研究型院校本科+ 海外硕士	?0.657	0.998	0.318	0.518
		国内本科、硕士（均是国内普通高校）+海外博士	?1.408	4.589	0.032*	0.245
		国内本科、硕士（至少一个国内研究型高校）+海外博士	0	—	—	1
国内求职活动	F13-求职频率	4点计分，1=很少， 4=非常频繁	1.182	13.495	0.000***	3.262
	F15-面试次数	3个及以下	?0.906	3.094	0.079	0.404
		4-5个	?0.368	0.797	0.372	0.692
		6个或以上	0	—	—	1
	F17-就业区域	西部	?2.978	9.437	0.002**	0.051
		中部	?1.234	3.963	0.046*	0.291
		东部	?0.299	0.587	0.444	0.741
		北上广深	0	—	—	1
	F18-单位类型	自由职业	2.723	4.512	0.034*	15.226
		民营企业	3.690	17.994	0.000***	40.063
		外资企业	3.826	21.463	0.000***	45.901
		国有企业	2.367	8.642	0.003**	10.670
		其它事业单位	1.905	4.431	0.035*	6.721
		大学或者科研机构	3.073	11.924	0.001**	21.607
		政府行政机构	0	—	—	1

维度	因素		估计值	Wald值	Sig.	OR值
社会人口学	F3-独生子女	是	0.741	3.671	0.055	2.098
	F3-独生子女	否	0	—	—	1
	F5-回国时间	2018年	?0.854	1.283	0.257	0.426
		2017年	?1.454	3.585	0.058	0.234
		2016年	0.616	0.711	0.399	1.852
		2015年	?0.292	0.167	0.682	0.746
		2014年	0	—	—	1
海外教育经历	F8-留学形式	自费	?0.739	1.541	0.214	0.477
		国外奖学金	?1.500	6.031	0.014*	0.223
		政府项目资助	0	—	—	1
	F12-逆文化适应	1 =非常不同意，5=非常同意	0.985	10.215	0.001**	2.677
国内求职活动	F14-第一份工作	12个月以上	0.048	0.004	0.949	1.049
		6-12个月	1.363	2.910	0.088	3.910
		3-6个月	?0.307	0.566	0.452	0.736
		3个月以内	0	—	—	1
	F15-面试次数	3个及以下	1.999	11.568	0.001**	7.381
		4-5个	1.394	8.460	0.004**	4.033
		6个或以上	0	—	—	1
	F16-offer次数	1个	?1.739	4.444	0.035*	0.176
		2-3个	?1.106	5.791	0.016*	0.331
		4个及以上	0	—	—	1
	F17-就业区域	西部	?4.004	6.315	0.012*	0.018
		中部	?1.277	3.343	0.067	0.279
		东部	0.194	0.219	0.640	1.214
		北上广深	0	—	—	1
	F18-单位类型	自由职业	?1.192	0.754	0.385	0.304
		民营企业	1.878	4.262	0.039*	6.543
		外资企业	1.217	1.998	0.158	3.377
		国有企业	1.497	3.177	0.075	4.467
		其它事业单位	1.765	3.760	0.052	5.841
		大学或者科研机构	0.779	0.708	0.400	2.179
		政府行政机构	0	—	—	1
主观就业质量	F19-客观就业质量	5000元以下	5.292	10.743	0.001**	198.693
		5000-10000元	3.908	21.238	0.000***	49.797
		10000-15000元	2.946	14.403	0.000***	19.034
		15000-20000元	2.781	12.131	0.000***	16.136
		20000元以上	0	—	—	1