Abstract: A centurial vicissitudes of Chinese rural education resulted from the mutual crossed-struggle of the “Chinese Tradition” and “Western Modernity” which both have their special connatations. During their different crossed-battle processes, who can get victory was decied by the preciseness and controllability of their own campaigning, the identity and acceptance by the people then and there. Most of all, by the people of how to deal with the “Chinese Tradition” and ”Western Culture” during differtnt historic periods.