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01 June 2023, Volume 41 Issue 6 Previous Issue   

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The Dual Aspects and Normative Requirements of National Education Power Zhongle Zhan, Zhicheng Liang 2023, 41 (6):  1-13.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.001 Abstract ( 317 )   HTML ( 28 )   PDF (794KB) ( 385 )   Save From a historical perspective, at the beginning of its birth, national education power only meant the state’s intervention in the content of education. Since the birth of the social state, a welfare factor has been added to national education power, requiring the state to act actively to ensure the realization of the right to education. This makes the national education power that contains both intervention and welfare aspects. Following this distinction, we could investigate their normative requirements separately. Article 19, paragraph 3, Article 19, paragraph 5, Article 24 and Article 46 of Constitution together constitute the constitutional basis for the intervention of national education power, and put forward formal and substantial requirements for national education power. In addition, the Educational Law delineates the normative boundaries between the national education power and the family education right, the school education right and the social education right. The welfare aspect of national education power should also meet the requirements of constitutional norms, it can’t deviate from the national goal, or violate the principle of equality, and should fulfill the national protection obligation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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“Learning by Doing” as a Social Theory: A New Attempt to Deepen Dewey Research Shiwan Tu, Kai Zhu 2023, 41 (6):  14-25.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.002 Abstract ( 1272 )   HTML ( 69 )   PDF (717KB) ( 1468 )   Save What is hidden behind learning by doing is the era’s problem of change of ancient and modern, and the social problem of transformation from pre-modern society to modern society. John Dewey is a strategic agent committed to solving the problem of social transformation. His theory of learning by doing faces the conflicts arising in social transformation and promotes social progress by solving these conflicts. From the perspective of social theory, it is based on conflict theory. The social ideal of learning by doing is to build democratic communities based on local autonomy. It is in this sense that the “doing” of learning by doing is communication, intercourse, cooperation and experimentation, and also refers to student autonomy. The real learning by doing is to “learn” by “doing” in an autonomous community with a shared meaning, and to learn in the deep democratic life with high interest. So, learning by doing is not only an educational theory, but also a social philosophy with conflict theory as its core and devoted to solving problems of social transformation towards democratic communities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Changes of the Academic and Vocational Education Streaming Policy: Sequence, Structure, and Logic Jin Jin, Tianjun Cheng 2023, 41 (6):  26-37.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.003 Abstract ( 1092 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF (760KB) ( 946 )   Save Over the past 40 years since the Reform and Opening-up, the effective implementation of the academic and vocational education streaming policy has made great contributions to the structural reform of secondary education, the national economic construction, and the human resources development. In the future, with the changes of the social environment, the streaming will also face many disputes and challenges. To deeply understand the current streaming contradiction and clarify the future institutional trend, we need to “face the history”, and examinations based on the perspective of Historical Institutionalism is an effective way. Through reviewing the policy texts since the Reform and Opening-up, it is found that the development of China’s streaming policy shows the characteristics of gradual institutional change dominated by the state, and has experienced four stages: the recovery of the secondary vocational education with the aim of economic construction, the streaming exploration from pursuing efficiency to emphasizing reasonableness, the streaming landslide under the impact of college enrollment expansion, and the integration of the vocational and academic education under the concept of “people-oriented”. The adjustment of industrial structure, the reform of national governance and the prevalence of the cultural concept of people-oriented have promoted policy development as the overarching structure, and the interaction between the micro actors and the policies also has brought opportunities for its reform. Rationally viewing the “path dependence” and policy reform, giving full play to the role of institutional background in guiding and promoting policies, and establishing “decentralized decision-making” and “diversified cooperation” mechanisms are the effective ways to break through the institutional obstruction and realize the path optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Integrated Education: the Historical Context, Existing Experience and Future Key of the Relationship Between Schools and Grass-roots Society Yuhua Bu, Shan Qi 2023, 41 (6):  38-46.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.004 Abstract ( 293 )   HTML ( 19 )   PDF (962KB) ( 246 )   Save In the past century, the integrated educational relationship between schools and grass-roots society in China has experienced two stages from integration to separation, resulting in a paradox. On the one hand, the school educational function is infinitely expanded and overburdened, on the other hand, the grass-roots society is absent from school educational governance, and its original educational function is also shrinking. Promoting the integration of schools and grass-roots society and the formation of educational pattern is an important task of the modernization of educational governance ability at present and in the future. According to the existing domestic experience of integrated education and management system, it is not enough to rebuild the needs of integrated education between schools and grass-roots society in modern society. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the “new link”. Schools need to change from “organizational image” to “community image”, open to the community and participate in the construction of community culture. In terms of the inter-organizational aspect of schools and grassroots society, the key mechanism is to rebuild a new type of substantive “integrated organization”. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Influence of Family Background on Students’ Subject Choices under the New College Entrance Examination System: Empirical Investigation Based on Survey Data in Zhejiang Province Jianzhen Zhang, Xiaoyu Liang 2023, 41 (6):  47-58.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.005 Abstract ( 475 )   HTML ( 33 )   PDF (1227KB) ( 1034 )   Save The subject selection system is one of the core contents of the new college entrance examination reform. To investigate the effect of family background on high school students' willingness to choose subjects and academic achievement, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, crossover analysis, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted based on the data from a sample of Zhejiang Province’s 2017-2020 New College Entrance Examination graduates. Results show that, first, the more advantageous the family background, the more likely the student will achieve high academic achievement. Second, family background has a significant influence on subject choice, mainly in terms of family economic capital positively influencing the choice of subjects with high learning costs, family philosophy of mathematics and chemistry positively influencing the choice of science-oriented subjects, and family cultural atmosphere positively influencing the choice of literature-oriented subjects. Finally, personal factors such as gender and subject performance are still the key factors influencing the willingness to choose subjects, mainly reflected in male and high-performing students preferring science subjects. Policies need to be in place to promote all-round development of students and rational subject choices to further promote equity in educational opportunities. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spatio-temporal Pattern and Evolution of Resource Allocation Efficiency of Postgraduate Education in China: Supply Side Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data from 2003 to 2018 Xuemin Zhang, Guodong Zhao 2023, 41 (6):  59-77.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.006 Abstract ( 349 )   HTML ( 22 )   PDF (1700KB) ( 530 )   Save Based on the supply side perspective, the evaluation index system of postgraduate education resources allocation is constructed. The improved stochastic frontier model is used to calculate the allocation efficiency of postgraduate education resources in 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2018. On this basis, the Kernel density curve, standard deviation ellipse and spatial econometric model are used to comprehensively analyze the spatio-temporal evolution, convergence and influencing factors of efficiency value. The results show that the allocation efficiency of postgraduate education resources in China shows a trend of steady increase, but the overall efficiency is low and the range is only between 0.255 and 0.321. The spatial distribution pattern showed a ladder pattern of east (0.428) > northeast (0.341) > central (0.245) > west (0.170). However, the growth rate of each region was opposite. In addition, provinces with high value and high value, low value and low value are stable, and no obvious spatio-temporal transition occurs in the sample period. Both traditional β convergence model and conditional β convergence model show that the convergence trend is obvious in the whole country, and will be further strengthened with the orderly expansion of educational scale and the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. However, the direction and intensity of influence on different regions are different. Therefore, the government should implement the resource allocation strategy according to local conditions, construct resource sharing channels with strong leading weak, and clear the barriers of resource transformation to improve quality and efficiency to accelerate the improvement of postgraduate education resource allocation efficiency, and form a high-quality spatial linkage development pattern in the coordinated promotion. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of Education System for the Aged in the Aging Society: Based on the Study of the Willingness and Situation of Learning and Participation in the Old Age in Four Provinces and Cities Zunmin Wu, Lijia Wang, Lu Deng, Keke Yang 2023, 41 (6):  78-91.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.007 Abstract ( 460 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF (1300KB) ( 371 )   Save Based on the survey of people in different regions on the learning needs and participation of senior citizens, this paper investigates the willingness and actuality of the elders to learn in the context of the lifelong education system. The study found that the surveyed groups are generally low in willingness to learn in the old age, and they prefer the learning content of “the old people have fun”. The surveyed population, dominated by the elderly, is obviously insufficiently involved in the existing lifelong education system, and is facing difficulties in terms of funding support, information channels, and insufficient openness of educational venues. At the same time, different groups are learning content and gains for the elderly. There is a different state of support. The construction of an education system for the aging society needs to be based on the concept of life-long education, under the concept of “the old can learn” and “the old can do”, attach importance to the opening of diverse learning opportunities to the elderly, relying on information technology and other platforms. Also, it’s important to establish a learning system based on the needs of the elderly to ensure equal learning opportunities for different elderly groups. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Building of Intelligent Platform and Laboratory for Aesthetic Education Evaluation: Based on the Process of Aesthetic Education Teaching and Aesthetic Experience Lingli Zhao, Gang Jing 2023, 41 (6):  92-107.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.008 Abstract ( 537 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF (1119KB) ( 914 )   Save Aesthetic education must be carried out in aesthetic activities and aesthetic experience, and its evaluation should be accomplished in the “process and experiential” assessment. On the basis of the existing artistic quality evaluation results, the report adjusted and built a three-dimensional aesthetic education evaluation index system, including administrative aesthetic education work (z), teacher’s aesthetic education teaching (x), and students’ aesthetic quality development (y). It focused on exploring the composition of all the indicators of teachers’ aesthetic education (x) and the composition of all the indicators of the cardio-cerebral reaction (y) to the aesthetic experience for the students in the aesthetic activities, which would support the students’ aesthetic quality in the“process and experiential”assessment. Modern experimental aesthetics, modern and contemporary aesthetic psychology, neuroaesthetics, information science and intelligent technology also provide theoretical and technical support for the construction of this aesthetic education evaluation platform from different levels. Based on this, we can also construct a set of intelligent scheme which is suitable for the whole education and teaching evaluation. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Aesthetic Motivation: Tension and Dilemma in Educational Games : A New Era of Autonomous Learning Geping Liu, Xiaolang Chen, Xue Huang 2023, 41 (6):  108-117.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.009 Abstract ( 364 )   HTML ( 28 )   PDF (949KB) ( 804 )   Save Educational games, also known as educational electronic games or electronic educational games, are hot spots in the development of smart education industry. Video games are fascinating, but with the addition of the word “education”, they encounter many obstacles at the application level. The theory of game aesthetic motivation reveals that it is human nature to like playing games. People voluntarily follow certain rules (sociality), and then enjoy the freedom, imagination, creation and pleasure in games. The online survey shows that the video game industry pays special attention to audio-visual factors that induce formal aesthetic motivation. However, there are blind spots in the research on the application of educational games at home and abroad, both in terms of form and connotation aesthetic motivation. In recent years, the concept of meta universe and the establishment of the national intelligent education platform have provided new possibilities for the future of ubiquitous learning and autonomous learning. At the same time, practitioners and users of educational games, including game manufacturers and designers, educational administrators, teachers, parents and students, also need to improve their aesthetic and humanistic qualities, so as to promote high-quality educational games to get out of the difficulties at the application level and release greater educational potential. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and application of an instrument to measure students’art literacy Jian Li, Naiqing Song, Shimeng Wang, Xiaojian Sun 2023, 41 (6):  118-132.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.010 Abstract ( 545 )   HTML ( 31 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 633 )   Save The assessment of art literacy is an indispensable part of the quality monitoring of school aesthetic education, but in the past it has been ignored for a long time, which makes the assessment of art literacy lag behind in our country and seriously restricts the high quality promotion of school aesthetic education. In view of the current domestic lack of developing the fine arts accomplishment evaluation tool, this study investigate the dimensions and the corresponding weights of the art literacy for elementary school students, and use the item response theory to construct elementary school students’ art literacy assessment tool for the first time. The instrument contains 25 items, which respectively measured four dimensions of perception recognition, artistic expression, creative connection and aesthetic appreciation. The trail test found out that this instrument exhibited moderate difficulty, rational distribution, good reliability and validity. The difficulties of the items were widely distributed across the entire continuum of the art literacy, which can be used to accurately measure students’ literacy across the entire continuum of the art literacy. The instrument can comprehensively reflect the status of students’ art literacy. The research data comes from a total of 3695 elementary school students from urban and rural schools in 15 districts (counties) of 5 provinces in Eastern, Central, and Western China to practically validate the performance of instrument.. The. results showed that both the mode and items fit the data and the majority of responses that students answered to the items can well-represent the performance of the art literacy. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficiency or Value: Logic Dilemmas and Tension Adjustments of University Faculty Evaluation System Qiang Su, Xiaowei Cai 2023, 41 (6):  133-141.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.011 Abstract ( 277 )   HTML ( 24 )   PDF (685KB) ( 458 )   Save In recent years, the prevalent evaluation activities in university faculties have always been dominated by scientific research orientation, quantitative method, and performance orientation, reflecting the phenomenon that only emphasizes the rationalities at the factual level and ignores the legitimacy at the value level. The evaluation orientation and standards of university faculties are not mainly derived from the self-consistent theoretical logic, but from the strong interventions of external forces in the academic ecology of universities and the results of competitions among universities in reality, which in turn shapes faculties work life styles, academic beliefs, and action preferences. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively reflect on the result logic, counting logic, and performance logic of the current evaluation system at the value level, so as to adjust the tension between the purpose value and instrumental value of faculty evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics