华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 71-84.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.01.005

• 基本理论与基本问题 • 上一篇    下一篇

何谓人工智能素养:本质、构成与评价体系

钟柏昌1, 刘晓凡1, 杨明欢2   

  1. 1. 华南师范大学教育信息技术学院,广州 510631
    2. 广东省教育厅事务中心/广东省电化教育馆,广州 510000
  • 出版日期:2024-01-01 发布日期:2023-12-28
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“面向学生跨学科创新能力培养的4C教学模式研究”(BCA220219)

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI) Competency: Essence, Composition and Evaluation Systems

Baichang Zhong1, Xiaofan Liu1, Minghuan Yang2   

  1. 1. School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
    2. Application Promotion Department, Guangdong e-Education Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
  • Online:2024-01-01 Published:2023-12-28

摘要:

ChatGPT等新一代人工智能技术给教育带来了积极和消极影响,教育领域不仅要被动应对人工智能带来的诸种挑战,更应该主动思考如何培育学生具备适应和驾驭人工智能的素养,本文将这种素养称之为人工智能素养,即通过人工智能教育培养的领域特定性与领域一般性兼具的学生核心素养。对人工智能素养的解析可以追溯到三维目标模式下的诸类研究,但这些研究未能廓清其内涵本质和内在逻辑。鉴于人工智能素养是因应人工智能技术的发展而产生的一种新的素养类型,本文首先从技术本体论视角分析了人工智能素养的本质——人的技术化,并从哲学认识论与教育心理学视角出发,把握了人工智能素养的构成:核心素养发展的实质就是一个“知识与思维”的动态转化过程;情感作为源于认知过程的情绪化体验,不仅涵养了知识建构与思维发展的过程,也是人类获得道德观念的根据和渊源。由是,知识、情感与思维的相互作用关系共同构成了学生人工智能素养的底层逻辑。籍此,本文从人工智能知识、人工智能情感、人工智能思维三个维度出发,重点构建并详述了人工智能素养的评价指标体系,以期为人工智能教育的健康发展提供指引。

关键词: 人工智能教育, 人工智能素养, 思维方式, 行为方式, 存在方式, 评价体系

Abstract:

The ChatGPT has both positive and negative effects on education. The field of education should consider not only how to empower students to meet the challenges posed by AI, but also how to develop students’ competency to adapt to AI. In this paper, we refer to this competency as AI competency, i.e., the core competency of students with both domain specificity and domain generality cultivated through AI education. AI competency is a new competency arising from the development of AI technology. Technology ontology, philosophical epistemology and educational psychology are interconnected to understand the essence and composition of AI competency. From the perspective of technology ontology, this paper analyzes the essence of AI competency-the technicalization of human beings. From the perspective of philosophical epistemology and educational psychology, this paper analyzes the composition of AI competency. Key competency development is essentially a dynamic transformation process of “knowledge and thinking”. Affectivity, as a knowledge-derived emotional experience, not only nourishes the process of knowledge construction and thinking development, but also serves as the foundation and source for acquiring moral conceptions. Thus, the interplay of knowledge, affectivity and thinking underpins the logic of students’ AI competency. In this vein, this paper constructs an evaluation system of AI competency based on three dimensions: AI knowledge, AI affectivity, and AI thinking.

Key words: AI education, AI competency, way of thinking, way of behavior, way of existence, evaluation system