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20 June 2015, Volume 33 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Educational Theory(教育理论)

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Triple Veiling and Clarification of Humanized Education ZHANG Zhongyuan & HU Zhongping 2015, 33 (2):  1-9.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.001 Abstract ( 734 )   HTML ( 41 )   PDF (504KB) ( 1894 )   Save In exploring humanized education, researchers tend to look at education problems from the perspective of anti-humanization, without a further analysis of the concept of anti-humanized education. The difference among anti-humanization, dehumanization and weak humanization in education is obscure. Using the category of purpose–means, we seek to reveal and clarify the connotation of the three, their boundaries and interrelationships. We argue that the core of the anti-humanized education is domestication of education，which violates humanity; while the core of dehumanized education is the materialization of education, which is separate from humanity; and the core of weak humanization is alienation of education, which deviates from humanity. Therefore, education should develop towards truth–breaking away from the fetters of domestication, towards harmony–evading the snare of materialization, and towards freedom –getting rid of the fence of alienation. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Status Quo and Trends of Studies on Thoughts of Education in China: a Bibliometric Analysis of Core Periodical Literature LIU Tao 2015, 33 (2):  10-16.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.002 Abstract ( 559 )   HTML ( 126 )   PDF (491KB) ( 1354 )   Save Studies on thoughts of education is currently one of the critical areas in educational studies. Using the bibliometric analysis, this paper takes a sample of 1573 articles from CSSCI and PKU, and provides an analysis of the quantity of literature, methodology, research focuses as well as the researchers concerning thoughts of education. Findings indicate that there has been an increasing number of studies on thoughts of education with diversified methodology. Besides, studies are centered on hot topics in educational practice. In general, studies tend to be mature and systematic. Nevertheless, there exist in the studies such problems as “pro-classical” “westernization”, and theories disconnected from reality. Therefore, studies on thoughts of education should concentrate on changes in their topics, contents and methodology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Equalization of Basic Public Service in Compulsory Education under New Urbanization: Policy Dilemmas and Priorities ZHI Tingjing & SHANG Weiwei 2015, 33 (2):  17-24.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02..003 Abstract ( 618 )   HTML ( 41 )   PDF (1304KB) ( 1567 )   Save The core of new urbanization lies in people’s urbanization. To realize people’s urbanization, the most important thing to do is promote the equalization of basic public service including the compulsory education provision. Nowadays, there exist grave inequality in China’s compulsory education provision, e.g. the overt disparity in the distribution of public education finance, the conspicuous unequal appropriation of infrastructure and facilities, and the widespread selective ignorance and differential treatment in education. To equalize the compulsory education provision, it’s essential to increase the government’s accountability and deepen the system reform of basic public service. Also, it’s imperative to innovate the educational administration by mobilizing the educational authority, transform the orientation of schooling and enhance the democratic participation and equal development in the educational process. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship between Bilingual Semantic Development and Cognitive School Readiness of Uygur Children ZHOU Jing & ZHANG Li & MIN Lanbin 2015, 33 (2):  25-33.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.004 Abstract ( 758 )   HTML ( 119 )   PDF (876KB) ( 1817 )   Save This study explores the relationship between Uygur children’s bilingual semantic development and cognitive school readiness. By adopting measures of PPVT and EVT in both Mandarin and the Uygur language, the study examines receptive and expressive language and cognitive school readiness of Uygur children aged between 4 and 6 years. Findings show that the semantic development in both Mandarin and the Uygur language in Uygur children is significant. Still, there is a remarkable difference in bilingual semantic development of children from kindergartens at different quality levels. Uygur children achieve over 50% of the cognitive school readiness concepts after three years of bilingual education. However, their command of concepts in different School Readiness Composite (SRC) subscales and comprehensive subscales varies greatly, implying that attention should be paid to including some concepts in the curriculum for young children. The correlational analysis demonstrates that the relationship between children’s receptive language or expressive language and cognitive school readiness is positively significant and further, the former two are strong predictors of children’s readiness skills. The study indicates that bilingual learning of Uygur children during early years facilitates their cognitive development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution and Prospect of Academic Committee System in China’s Higher Educational Institutions CAI Guochun & PAN zhenxin & WANG Chunyan 2015, 33 (2):  34-40.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.005 Abstract ( 550 )   HTML ( 36 )   PDF (483KB) ( 1340 )   Save In China’s higher education, the academic committee system has undergone three stages of development: budding, startup and establishment. For a long period of time, the academic power, which should have been exercised by the academic committee, has not been clearly separated from political power and executive power. Higher Education Act proposed the establishment of academic committee, stipulating the committee’s responsibility. As a result, the academic power has become more explicit than implicit. However, the academic power is still in the state of attachment. In future, it is quite necessary to strengthen the awareness of the nature and necessity of the academic power, and reinforce the building of the academic committee system in support of the construction of modern university system. In a long run, the status of the academic power should be independent, rather than being attached to other authorities. Regulations of Academic Committee in Universities issued by the Ministry of Education is undoubtedly a milestone, which means a shift of the academic committee from the period of system design into a new era of practical construction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Three-Dimension Theory of Vocational Textbook Design XU Guoqing 2015, 33 (2):  41-48.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.006 Abstract ( 515 )   HTML ( 44 )   PDF (749KB) ( 1645 )   Save How to design textbook is one of the important issues in the research field of vocational textbooks. Under the idea of project-based vocational curriculum, it’s unreasonable to see the reductive phenomenon in vocational textbook design, as the diversification of vocational education and its curriculum inherently requires the diversification of vocational textbooks. Based on three dimensions, vocational textbook models can be defined at nine levels. The first dimension is vocational, which can be defined at the levels of relevance, task and project. The second dimension is knowledge, which can be defined at the levels of theory, practice and experience. The third dimension is learning, which can be defined at the levels of narration, conversation and activity. By combining these three dimensions and nine levels, we can get five typical vocational textbook models. An in-depth analysis of the models can offer essential methodology for vocational textbook development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Monism and Pluralism in the Interpretation of Curriculum Text PENG Liang 2015, 33 (2):  49-54.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.10005560.2015.02.007 Abstract ( 587 )   HTML ( 43 )   PDF (431KB) ( 1564 )   Save Driven by the highlighted multiple meaning of text and the emerging postmodernism, the combination of curriculum and text has created a new dynamic. Consequently, people call for a pluralistic interpretation of curriculum text. Nevertheless, interpretation of curriculum from the text involves some restrictions hidden in the monistic interpretation. Therefore, interpretation of curriculum needs to take into consideration the duality of both curriculum and text in dealing with the “monistic” and “pluralistic” approaches. Related Articles | Metrics

Psychology(心理学)

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Psychologists’ Humane Concern: Happiness, Social Justice and World Peace GUO Yong-Yu & HU Xiao-Yong 2015, 33 (2):  55-61.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.008 Abstract ( 506 )   HTML ( 124 )   PDF (562KB) ( 1784 )   Save Psychological researches tend to put more emphasis on human’s natural attributes than social attributes. In fact, psychology should, based on the comprehensive understanding of human nature, focus on humane concern and respond to the specific social reality, such as personal happiness, social justice, and world peace. Some studies argue that personal happiness can be divided at the psychological and subjective level. Studies show that demographic variables, personality characteristics, goals and economic status all have impressive effect on subjective happiness. In terms of social justice, researchers argue that lower-class people, who are more dependent on social justice, are more likely to have a feeling of social inequality than higher-class people. Some policies aiming to reducing social constraint, promoting the sense of control can enhance the sense of equality among lower-class people. In terms of the world peace, great progress has been achieved in the studies on love and hate, truth and reconciliation, comprehension and coexistence. And there is still much to be explored in combining humane concern with social responsibility in psychological researches. Related Articles | Metrics

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Qualitative Movement in Psychological Research MA Yankun 2015, 33 (2):  65-69.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.009 Abstract ( 554 )   HTML ( 122 )   PDF (434KB) ( 1880 )   Save Qualitative research as a movement has an extensive and profound influence on other social sciences. In the past 20 years, qualitative research has spread to the field of psychology, which has attracted wide public concern. Qualitative orientation is increasingly integrated into the mainstream and has become what Kuhn called "normative science". Based on previous researches, this paper examines the development of psychological research from different perspectives, including the history of psychology, different orientations, the common basis, approaches of qualitative analysis and its contribution to the development of psychology. Related Articles | Metrics

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How to Make Justice Judgment of Multiple Referents: Bandwagon Effect and Snob Effect ZHOU Hao & LONG Lirong 2015, 33 (2):  70-76.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.010 Abstract ( 658 )   HTML ( 109 )   PDF (478KB) ( 1634 )   Save Based on social comparison theory, the information of referents can be divided into three categories: information of average (IA); information of better paid referent (IB); information of worse paid referent (IW). In this study, three hundred and twenty eight college students participated in the scenario experiment, and a 4×2×2 randomized design was adopted. The results indicated that: (a) the main effect of IA was significant: the perception of distributive justice was lowest when participants were informed that they were paid less than average, and the perception of distributive justice was highest when participants knew that they got more than average; (b) the bandwagon effect was significant in all conditions of IA: when participants got IB, their perception of distributive justice decreased sharply; (c) the strongest snob effect appeared when IA was absent: when participants got IW, their perception of distributive justice increased dramatically. Finally, the theoretical and empirical implications of this study are discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Spiritual Health：Core Value of Health Education WU Yuntena & Qi Shisan 2015, 33 (2):  77-81.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.011 Abstract ( 639 )   HTML ( 121 )   PDF (486KB) ( 1918 )   Save Spiritual health is an increasingly important topic in psychological research. From the perspective of spirituality, understanding and reflecting spiritual health involves three related levels: spiritual health corresponding to mental illness, spiritual health equivalent to mental health, and spiritual health related to intelligence and life meaning. The third level is closely related to spiritual development, and all the three levels constitute individual’s integrated existence of "physiological-psychological-spiritual". Spiritual health should point to the development of "a whole person". The current mental health education should include "spiritual health", meanwhile, its values, contents and approaches should also be adjusted and supplemented. Mental health education should focus on individual’s spiritual development as well as their social and cultural attributes. Related Articles | Metrics

Educational History(教育史)

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From SiShu to School: Transformation of China’s Elementary Education JIANG Chunjiao 2015, 33 (2):  82-90.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.012 Abstract ( 629 )   HTML ( 36 )   PDF (622KB) ( 2190 )   Save Sishu in ancient China used to be the dominant institution of elementary education. With the social transformation and modernization in China since 1840, the traditional education system faced great challenges, hence the transformation of modern education. In elementary education system, the co-existence of both traditional and modern systems resulted in the fact that it was not until the late 20th century that the modernization of Chinese education was completed. It was a long transition process, from the disappearance of Sishu to the popularization of modern schools and the establishment of modern education system. After that, Chinese education has departed from the traditional system completely and is now moving towards modernization. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Construction of Charity Schools during Late Qing Dynasty： the Case of Turpan WANG Qiming 2015, 33 (2):  91-95.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.013 Abstract ( 558 )   HTML ( 33 )   PDF (634KB) ( 1720 )   Save Based on the newly published documentation, this article discusses the construction of charity schools in Late Qing Dynasty, taking the example of Turpan¬¬. In order to support the establishment of Xinjiang province, Turpan built eight charity schools attended by a great proportion of Uygur students. Ten years after the charity schools were opened, Wei Guangtao proposed an initiative to establish a central charity school in southern Xingjiang, which turned out a lower-performance school compared to the local ones. Consequently, there were no more such central schools built in Turpan. Driven by the Hundred-Day Reform, New Deal and China’s defeat in Sino-Japanese War, there were great changes in China’s education policies and educational fund shortage. During late Guangxu period, the charity schools were Finally closed, and Xinjiang’s charity schools came to its end. Related Articles | Metrics

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Shaping the Images of People’s Teacher During the First 17 Years of New China YU Cui-Cui, XU Ji-Cun 2015, 33 (2):  96-102.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.10005560.2015.02.014 Abstract ( 553 )   HTML ( 36 )   PDF (587KB) ( 1171 )   Save During the first 17 years of New China, the teachers under the proletarian leadership shaped their model of spiritual images and national identity with their ambitions and enthusiasm. Despite the difficult living conditions, these committed teachers held to their faith in revolution and positive attitudes to their teaching. Their selfless devotion promoted the steady development of education in China and enhanced the whole national political identity and ideology. A review of the past and learning from the lessons can provide great implications for today’s teacher development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Family Involvement in Current American Higher education： Context, Impact and Institutional Strategies YANG Qiguang 2015, 33 (2):  103-109.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.015 Abstract ( 595 )   HTML ( 35 )   PDF (519KB) ( 1351 )   Save Since the 1980s, there has been a growing family involvement in American higher education. This is the combined result of the following factors: (a) the demographic changes in “Millennium Generation” college students; (b) transformation of family structures; (c)the new social role of higher education and (d)the development of modern information and communication technologies. The relationship between the higher education institution and the family is facing a new cultural transformation. Family involvement in higher education has contributed to the academic success of college students, obtaining reliable and equal educational opportunity and promoting the reform of higher education management. American higher education institutions are reshaping the ethos and philosophy of their management by providing professional support for family involvement and improving different parental programs services so as to strengthen the institutional leadership. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Historical Development and Ecological Improvement of Federal Government Financial Assistance on Higher Education in the United States Liu xudong ，Wang Shengben 2015, 33 (2):  110-116.  doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2015.02.016 Abstract ( 520 )   HTML ( 34 )   PDF (482KB) ( 1259 )   Save American is the world powerful nation of higher education. The federal financial assistance has become the most important external development driving force of America modern university, and leads it to a healthy development. American federal government experience is worth researching and referencing. Based on the analysis of a large amount of financial data, using literature research method, historical research method and the paradigm of education ecology research, this paper that comprehensively summarizes the historical process of American federal government to implement financial aid for higher education. Research shows that, by the influence of the political, economic conditions, and the social development trend in different historical periods, American federal financial assistance form has experienced “society laissez-faire, administrative intervention strengthen, market-led decentralized” stages. Finally under the perfect legal protection, the federal financial assistance realizes the ecological morphology for the integration of government and market. Related Articles | Metrics