华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 65-83.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.05.006

• 教育法治 • 上一篇    下一篇

国家角色与大学形象:高等教育治理变革的国际比较研究

姚荣   

  1. 华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海 200062
  • 接受日期:2022-12-02 出版日期:2023-05-01 发布日期:2023-04-26
  • 基金资助:
    上海市教育法学人才培养计划项目“高校法治秩序建构的国际经验与中国探索”(2022JYFXR056)

The Role of State and the Image of University: A Comparative Study of International Governance Reform of Higher Education

Rong Yao   

  1. Institute of Higher Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Accepted:2022-12-02 Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-04-26

摘要:

经典的大学自治理论,旨在通过大学自治的法律保障,厘清国家监督介入大学自治的范围与界限。治理时代的到来,使得国家与大学之间的关系开始从法律分权向功能分权转变。在欧陆国家,以大学自治与责任相统一为旨归的评估型国家的产生,为大学法人的履责能力强化提供了更为系统的指导设计与服务保障。在英美国家,高等教育领域监管型国家的兴起,诱导或倒逼着大学增强对合规风险的预防与管理,健全自我监管体系,提升良法善治能力。中国高等教育治理体系与治理能力的现代化,应汲取评估型国家与监管型国家两种国家类型的治理经验与教训,统筹规范主义与功能主义两种改革进路,以实现政府依法有效监管能力与高校依法有效治理能力的协同提升。

关键词: 高等教育治理变革, 评估型国家, 监管型国家, 国家角色, 大学形象

Abstract:

The classical theory of university autonomy aims at clarifying the scope and boundary of state supervision on university autonomy through the legal and even constitutional guarantee of university autonomy. With the coming era of governance, the relationship between state and university has been changing from legal decentralization to functional decentralization. In continental European countries, the emergence of the evaluative state which aims at the unification of university autonomy and responsibility provides more systematic guidance and guarantee for the increase of university corporation’s ability to fulfill responsibility. In Anglo-American countries, the rise of the regulatory state in the field of higher education induces or forces universities to strengthen the prevention and management of compliance risks, improve the self-regulatory system of universities, and enhance their ability of achieving good governance through good law. The modernization of China’s higher education governance system and governance capacity should draw on the governance wisdom of the evaluative state and the regulatory state, and coordinate the two reform approaches of prescriptivism and functionalism, so as to realize the synergistic improvement of the government’s law-based and effective supervision ability and universities’ law-based and effective governance ability.

Key words: higher education governance reform, the evaluative state, the regulatory state, the role of the state, the image of university.