华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 1-12.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2025.07.001

• 教育法治 •    

不能自主选择的受教育权不是真正平等的受教育权

劳凯声, 马暄皓   

  1. 首都师范大学教育学院,北京 100048
  • 接受日期:2025-04-02 出版日期:2025-07-01 发布日期:2025-06-28

The Right to Education Without Independent Choice Is Not a Truly Equal Right to Education

Kaisheng Lao, Xuanhao Ma   

  1. College of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
  • Accepted:2025-04-02 Online:2025-07-01 Published:2025-06-28

摘要:

受教育权平等不仅是物质上、机会上的平等,而且与分化的教育需求及其选择息息相关。对教育平等与教育选择相关研究的篇频和词频分析可见,教育选择与教育平等之间在已有研究中存在着较强的学术互动和视域融合。对受教育权平等问题的认知有三种不同的观点:集权利与义务于一身的法学观点、基于平等与效率的经济学观点和以自主选择为前提的跨界观点。今日教育正面临着两种不同的教育平等观,即以同一性为前提的教育平等观和以差异性为前提的教育平等观, 它们影响着教育政策法律的选择,一种基于差异性的自主选择将成为受教育权的新内容。为了推进这一目标的实现,应以可选择的教育平等替代无差别的教育平等,以弹性的教育制度替代刚性的教育制度,以更具包容性、开放性和可持续性的教育政策与法律替代排斥的、封闭的、不可持续的教育政策与法律。

关键词: 受教育权, 教育平等, 教育自主选择

Abstract:

Equality in the right to education is not only about material and opportunity equality, but also about differentiated educational needs and choices. Analysis of the frequency of articles and words on educational equality and educational choice shows that there is a strong academic interaction and fusion of perspectives between educational choice and educational equality. There are three different perspectives on the recognition of the equality of the right to education, namely, the jurisprudential perspective that combines rights and obligations, the economic perspective based on equality and efficiency, and the pedagogical perspective premised on autonomous choice. In order to truly realize the right to education on the basis of autonomous choice, it is necessary to replace non-discriminatory equality in education with optional equality in education; to replace rigid education systems with flexible education systems; and to replace exclusionary, closed and unsustainable education policies and laws with more inclusive, open and sustainable education policies and laws.

Key words: the right to education, equality in education, independent choice