华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 64-83.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2025.10.005

• 专题:学习科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

西北农村地区学生社会情感能力研究

常芳, 王雅洁, 马慧劼, 史耀疆   

  1. 陕西师范大学教育学部教育实验经济研究所,西安 710119
  • 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2025-10-09
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“双师课堂,乡村首席教师与农村学生非认知能力的随机干预实验研究”(72373085);高等学校学科创新引智资助计划(B16031)。

A Study on the Social and Emotional Skills of Students in Rural Northwestern China

Fang Chang, Yajie Wang, Huijie Ma, Yaojiang Shi   

  1. Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
  • Online:2025-10-01 Published:2025-10-09

摘要:

社会情感能力与学生的人力资本发展密切相关。本文基于西北某省3市13县的田野调查数据,探究欠发达地区小学生社会情感能力的现状以及相关影响因素。研究发现:第一,女生、留守儿童、非寄宿学生、非单亲家庭、父母受教育水平越高和家庭经济状况越好的学生,其社会情感能力得分更高;第二,影响因素分析表明,家庭资产、理解型父母、亲子交流、与朋友玩耍、阅读课外书与学生社会情感能力的关系是正向的,而惩罚型父母和上网、玩手机等活动与学生的社会情感能力呈负向关系;第三,社会情感能力与学生的数学成绩、学校归属感、师生关系、校园欺凌以及心理健康显著相关;第四,在社会情感能力的国际比较中,苏州学生的社会情感能力高于大多国际同龄学生的水平,西北农村地区学生的宜人性处于国际学生的中间水平,但是社会情感能力的其他方面处于弱势。此外,国际趋势表现出女生、成绩较好的学生和家庭资产较高的学生在社会情感能力上普遍优于男生、成绩较差的学生和家庭资产较低的学生。因此,应更加重视处于教育资源不利地位的农村地区学生的社会情感能力培养,让学校和家庭共同联合促进学生的全面发展。

关键词: 社会情感能力, 西北农村, 相关关系, 国际比较

Abstract:

Social and emotional skills play a crucial role in students’ human capital development. Based on field survey data from 13 counties in three prefectures of a province in Northwestern China, this study investigates the status and determinants of primary school students’ social and emotional skills in disadvantaged areas. The results show that, first, female students, left-behind children, non-boarding students, and those from non-single-parent families, as well as students with higher parental education levels and better family economic conditions, exhibit higher social and emotional skill scores. Second, family assets, supportive parenting, parent-child communication, playing with friends, and reading extracurricular books positively influence social and emotional skills, while punitive parenting and activities such as internet use and mobile phone gaming are negatively associated with students’ social and emotional skills. Third, social and emotional skills are significantly correlated with math performance, sense of school belonging, teacher-student relationships, school bullying, and mental health. Fourth, international comparisons reveal that students from Suzhou outperform most of their international peers in social and emotional skills, while students in rural Northwestern China demonstrate average levels of agreeableness but lag behind in other dimensions. Furthermore, on a global scale, female students, high-achieving students, and those from wealthier families generally outperform their counterparts. This highlights the need to prioritize the development of social and emotional skills among rural students with limited educational resources, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between schools and families to foster holistic development.

Key words: social and emotional skills, rural northwestern China, correlation, international comparison