华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 104-126.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.04.010

• 职业教育 • 上一篇    

西部民族地区高职教育发展:进程、挑战与变革——基于《规划纲要》发展回顾与“双高计划”前瞻

马鸿霞, 朱德全   

  1. 西南大学教育学部,重庆 400715
  • 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-22
  • 基金资助:
    全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度国家一般课题“民族地区职业教育服务乡村振兴的效果测度与长效机制研究”(BJA190104)

The Development of Higher Vocational Education in Western Ethnic Regions: Progress, Challenges and Changes: Based on the National Education Reform and Development Plan and the “Double High-level Project ”

Hongxia Ma, Dequan Zhu   

  1. Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-22

摘要:

高水平职业教育是职业教育现代化体系发展的核心内容。以《规划纲要》及“双高计划”为依据,从办学水平的五个一级指标十六个二级指标及“双高计划”的五个核心指标出发,对西部民族地区高职教育发展进程及其面临的挑战进行分析发现:民族地区高职教育标准化建设成就突出,区域差距显著缩小,在整体发展及办学水平的主要指标上已初步实现《规划纲要》政策目标;但高水平高职教育建设任务依然艰巨,还面临着区域失衡、类型属性凸显不够、自身“造血”能力不足等挑战。未来发展中,需秉承以顶层设计与政策供给加固基础、以差异化战略和特色化发展凸显“民族本色”、抓住机遇并以提升“造血”能力为主实现后发赶超及以"共治、善治、法治"为原则提升治理效能等变革思路破解民族地区高水平高职教育建设中的难题。

关键词: 高职教育, 高水平发展, 民族地区, 数据测度

Abstract:

High-level vocational education is the core of the development of vocational education modernization system. Based on five main indicators which include sixteen secondary indicators of school running level and five core indicators of the “Double High-level Project”, an analysis was made to investigate the development process and the challenges that the higher vocational education in the western ethnic regions would face. We found that higher vocational education in the western ethnic regions had already made outstanding achievements in standardization construction. The gap between the regions has narrowed and the policy goals of the National Education Reform and Development Plan have been achieved. However, the task of building high-level higher vocational education is still arduous, as it also faces challenges such as regional imbalance, insufficient type attributes and insufficient capacity building. To solve the above problems and construct high-level higher vocational education in ethnic regions, it is necessary to reinforce the foundation through top-level design and policy supply, to highlight the “ethnic nature” through differentiated strategies and characteristic development. Also, it’s important to catch up and build up a modern governance system by seizing opportunities to improve capacity-building in order to improve governance efficiency in the future development.

Key words: higher vocational education, high-level development, ethnic regions, data measure