从金融中心转向科创中心：高等教育集群赋能城市转型发展——基于纽约市的探讨和分析

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

历经“9?11恐怖袭击事件”和2008年金融风暴的沉重打击，作为金融之都的纽约经济发展受到严重影响，但同时也开启了向科创之城进军的步伐。纽约市的科技创新转型之路受到了其本身“创意之都”发展定位和金融危机等多种因素的影响。高等教育集群是纽约科技创新体系中的核心组件，它通过培养理工科创新人才、完善科研成果转化机制、聚焦领先行业、实施内外兼修发展策略为纽约全球科技创新中心的形成和发展提供了强有力的支撑和保障，推动纽约从金融中心向科技创新中心的成功转型。纽约依托高等教育集群向国际科技创新中心转型的成功经验对我国高等教育集群更好地助力所在城市和区域科技创新中心的建设与发展具有重要的借鉴意义。

关键词: 高等教育集群, 纽约, 转型发展, 科技创新中心

Abstract:

After the 9?11 terrorist attack and the 2008 financial turmoil, the economic development of New York, the financial capital, has been severely affected, and the pace of marching into the city of science and technology has begun. The transformation of New York City’s technological innovation has been affected by various factors, such as its own creative capital development orientation and financial crisis. Higher education clusters are the core components of New York’s technological innovation system. They provide strong support and guarantee for the formation and development of New York’s global science and technology innovation center by cultivating innovative talents in science and technology, improving the transformation mechanism of scientific research achievements, focusing on leading industries, implementing internal and external development strategies, then promoting the successful transformation of New York from a financial center to a technology innovation center. New York’s successful experience of transforming to an international science and technology innovation center by relying on higher education clusters can be an important reference example for Chinese higher education cluster to better assist the construction and development of its urban science and technology innovation centers.

Key words: higher education cluster, New York, transformation, science and technology innovation center

卓泽林, 张肖伟. 从金融中心转向科创中心：高等教育集群赋能城市转型发展——基于纽约市的探讨和分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(2): 106-116.

Zelin Zhuo, Xiaowei Zhang. From a Financial Center to a Science and Technology Innovation Center: Transformation and Development of City Empowered by Higher Education Clusters—Based on the Case Study of New York City[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2023, 41(2): 106-116.

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