华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 14-24.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.02.002

• 教育评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

金本、银硕、铜博：能力信号还是学历歧视？——基于某“双一流”建设高校10届博士毕业生的实证研究

马莉萍1, 叶晓梅2   

  1. 1. 北京大学教育经济研究所，北京 100871
    2. 北京大学教育学院，北京 100871
  • 出版日期:2023-02-01 发布日期:2023-01-18
  • 基金资助:
    2021年度教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“一流大学博士生学术职业选择及变化趋势：学术劳动力市场变迁的视角”（21YJC880055）；国家自然科学基金面上项目“我国高校教师结构和职业发展研究”（71974007）；中国博士后科学基金第71批面上项目“博士培养质量与提升机制：一流大学的追踪研究”（2022M710213）

Gold Bachelor, Silver Master, and Bronze Doctor: A Reflection of Ability or Academic Discrimination? — An Empirical Study on Ten Cohorts of Doctoral Graduates from a “Double First-Class” Construction University

Liping Ma1, Xiaomei Ye2   

  1. 1. Institute of Educational Economics, Peking University, Beijing 100871 China
    2. Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Online:2023-02-01 Published:2023-01-18

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摘要：

本文基于我国某“双一流”建设高校2008—2017年间共10届博士毕业生数据，检验学术劳动力市场招聘中是否存在“金本、银硕和铜博”的前置学历歧视现象。研究发现：（1）“金本”“银硕”和“铜博”并非全面反映博士生科研能力的有效标签：仅在英文发表的期刊总影响因子的表现上，理工科专业中的“金本”和“银硕”显著高于“铜博”，在其他科研指标上并无显著差异，人文社科专业中的三类博士在各类科研指标上均无显著差异。（2）三者在学术职业获得上存在差异，这在一定程度上反映了前置学历歧视：不管是否控制在读期间的科研产出，理工科专业中“铜博”更可能获得非正式教职（博士后），人文社科专业中“金本”更可能在高水平大学获得教职。

关键词: 学术职业, 学历歧视, 博士生就业

Abstract:

Based on the administrative data of ten cohorts of doctoral graduates of a “double first-class” construction university in China, this paper examines whether there exists the discrimination of educational background for “Gold Bachelor, Silver Master and Bronze Doctor” when looking for an academic career and draws the following conclusions. First, overall “Gold Bachelor”, “Silver Master” and “Bronze Doctor” are not effective labels that reflect doctoral graduates’ research ability: there is no significant difference in various research ablity indicators among these three types of doctoral graduates majoring in humanities and social sciences, while only the impact factors of English papers of “Gold Bachelor” and “Silver Master” are significantly higher than “Bronze Doctor” with science and engineering majors. Second, doctoral graduates of “Gold Bachelor”, “Silver Master” and “Bronze Doctor” have significantly different opportunities in acquiring academic careers, which to a certain extent, reflects the discrimination of educational background. The probability of pursuing postdoctor positions for a “Bronze Doctor” majoring in science and engineering is significantly higher, while the probability of obtaining faculty positions in a more selective university for a “Gold Bachelor” majoring in humanities and social sciences is significantly higher.

Key words: academic career, academic discrimination, employment of doctoral graduates