Abstract: From 1910 to 1930, due to the influence of "Pragmatism" "Children-oriented" "Life Standard” and other educational ideology, our country education circle had made the positive theory and the practice exploration on how to balance the regional characteristics and differences between urban and rural areas in order to promote children's development. Scholars argued that the content of textbooks should be consistent with the children's future or current life experience, shared or personal experience. Various solutions had been proposed by these academics , for example, textbooks should be written by teachers rather than published, they advocated to write textbooks from region to region, press published version of the textbooks should be of rural bias, they also pointed out that no matter what kind of method has its certain advantages and disadvantages. In the practice exploration, In addition to text and illustrations in most textbooks ought to cater to widespread use, special textbook that contained specific content which suit to use a single region were also designed.