Student Social and Emotional Competence: International Comparison and Chinese Performance

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

The OECD recently released the results of its second round of global assessments of social and emotional competence, and Jinan's performance is noteworthy. Based on the student data of SSES2023, this paper analyzes China's performance in social and emotional competence and its international status from the perspective of international comparison. The main findings of the study based on the mean competency analysis of global cities are as follows: (1) Asian students excel in social and emotional abilities. (2) The 10-year-olds in Jinan ranked first in the world in the dimension of task performance ability, and the 15-year-olds ranked first, but the score of achievement motivation was slightly lower. (3) The 10-year-olds in Jinan ranked first in the world in the dimension of emotion regulation, while the 15-year-olds’ abilities were lower than the international average; (4) The 10-year-old group of Jinan students ranked first in the world in terms of cooperation ability, and the 15-year-old group ranked first. (5) The task performance of students aged 10 in Jinan ranks the top in the world in the dimension of openness ability, while that of students aged 15 is lower than the international average. (6) Students aged 10 in Jinan ranked first in the world in terms of social communication ability, while some abilities of students aged 15 were lower than the international average. Based on the analysis of influencing factors of social and emotional ability, the main findings are as follows: (1) Jinan students are better than the international average in most influencing factors, especially in the classmate relationship. (2) The key positive factors affecting the dimensions of task ability of Jinan students are growth mindset, teacher-student relationship, school belonging and community activities, among which the influence of school belonging ranks first in the world. (3) The key factors affecting the emotional regulation ability of Jinan students are growth mindset, school belonging and community activities, among which the influence of school belonging ranks first in the world. (4) The key factors affecting the cooperation ability of Jinan students are growth mindset, classmate relationship, school belonging and community activities, among which the impact of growth thinking ranks first in the world. (5) The key factors affecting Jinan students’ openness ability are growth mindset, school belonging, community activities and teacher feedback. The effect of school belonging of the 10-year-old group on some openness ability ranks first in the world, while the effect of growth mindset on some openness ability of the 15-year-old group is relatively low. (6) The key factors affecting students’ communication ability in Jinan are growth mindset, school belonging and community activities, among which the influence of school belonging is at the forefront in all cities. The main findings based on the analysis of students’ development based on social and emotional ability are as follows: (1) The life satisfaction of students in Jinan ranks first in the world, and their psychological happiness is low. (2) Optimism, trust, achievement motivation and stress resistance are the important social and emotional abilities that affect the life satisfaction of Jinan students. (3) Optimism, trust and emotional control are the important social and emotional abilities that affect the psychological well-being of Jinan students. (4) Optimism and energy are the important social and emotional abilities that affect the health behavior of Jinan students. (5) Emotional control, stress resistance and energy are the important social and emotional abilities that affect academic anxiety of Jinan students. (6) Optimism, trust and achievement motivation are the important social and emotional abilities that affect the relationship satisfaction of Jinan students. (7) Optimism, stress resistance and assertiveness are important social and emotional abilities that affect the body image of Jinan students.

Key words: social and emotional skills, international comparison, adolscence performance in China

Zhongjing Huang, Yipeng Tang, Juan Wang. Student Social and Emotional Competence: International Comparison and Chinese Performance[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2024, 42(5): 33-57.

Figures/Tables 43

References 0

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维度	能力	描述
任务能力（尽责性）	责任感（RES）	能够信守承诺，守时可靠。
	毅力（PER）	能够坚持不懈地完成任务和活动，直到完成为止。
	自控力（SEL）	能够避免分心和一时的冲动，并将注意力集中在当前任务上，以实现个人目标。
	成就动机（MOT）	为自己设定高标准，并努力达到这些标准。
情绪调节（情绪稳定性）	抗压力（STR）	有效地调节焦虑，能够冷静地解决问题（放松，很好地处理压力）。
	乐观（OPT）	总体上对自我和生活抱有积极乐观的期望。
	情绪控制（EMO）	面对挫折时能有效调节不同程度的怒气。
协作能力（宜人性）	共情（EMP）	理解和关心他人及其福祉。重视并投资于亲密关系。
	信任（TRU）	认为别人通常都有善意，并原谅那些做错事的人。
	合作（COO）	与他人和谐相处，重视与他人的关系。
开放能力（开放性）	好奇心（CUR）	对思想感兴趣，热爱学习、理解和智力探索；好奇的心态。
	包容度（TOL）	对不同的观点持开放态度，重视多样性，欣赏外国人和文化。
	创造力（CRE）	通过探索、从失败中学习、洞察力和远见，产生新颖的做事或思考方式。
交往能力（外向性）	乐群（SOC）	能够接近他人，包括朋友和陌生人，建立并保持社交关系。
	果敢（ASS）	能够自信地表达意见、需求和感受，并施加社会影响。
	活力（ENE）	充满活力、兴奋和自发性的方式对待日常生活。

大洲	国家/城市	参加形式	10岁组样本量	15岁组样本量
亚洲	济南（中国）	城市	3 454	3 283
	群马（日本）	城市	未参加	3 495
	德里（印度）	城市	未参加	2 678
	库杜斯（印度尼西亚）	城市	3 390	3 458
	迪拜（阿联酋）	城市	未参加	5 654
欧洲	赫尔辛基（芬兰）	城市	2 889	2 452
	都灵（意大利）	城市	未参加	3 027
	艾-罗（意大利）	城市	未参加	2 976
	保加利亚	全国	未参加	3 012
	乌克兰	全国	2 414	1 881
	西班牙	全国	未参加	3 303
拉美	智利	全国	未参加	3 609
	秘鲁	全国	未参加	3 057
	索布拉尔（巴西）	城市	2 208	2 343
	波哥大（哥伦比亚）	城市	3 295	3 734
	墨西哥	全国	尚未公布	尚未公布
	合计		17 650	47 962

	10岁组				15岁组
	中国济南	国际均值	国际最小	国际最大	中国济南	国际均值	国际最小	国际最大
性别	0.51	0.51	0.50	0.54	0.52	0.50	0.45	0.53
移民	0.09	0.05	0.02	0.19	0.05	0.09	0.01	0.83
社经地位	?0.12	0.00	?0.67	0.47	?0.13	?0.06	?0.71	0.87
成长型思维	55.35	52.07	50.07	55.76	45.54	50.38	45.54	53.84
性别偏见	50.95	52.61	48.70	55.83	49.16	48.77	46.34	56.72
性别期望	49.70	46.81	43.61	49.70	51.92	49.87	42.77	52.71
性别角色	49.69	47.79	46.53	52.99	52.55	51.10	46.16	55.51
同学关系	56.93	50.78	47.98	56.93	53.92	49.69	46.49	53.92
师生关系	55.76	52.23	49.95	56.03	51.51	50.34	44.69	52.13
学校归属感	56.71	50.34	47.14	56.71	50.01	50.13	46.94	53.94
不良行为	43.72	51.59	43.72	54.37	45.57	51.86	40.79	56.27
受欺凌	47.83	52.63	47.83	56.17	47.41	49.95	46.03	57.63
欺凌者	46.17	51.93	46.17	55.29	47.41	50.39	46.18	57.96
课外活动	1.86	1.85	1.72	2.14	1.55	1.55	1.28	2.00
教师反馈	2.65	2.47	2.22	2.74	2.55	2.29	1.97	2.69

	10岁组				15岁组
	责任感	毅力	自控力	成就动机	责任感	毅力	自控力	成就动机
性别	?8.07*	?0.91	5.52	?9.47**	2.34	5.28	16.90***	?8.09**
移民	3.76	?2.35	?10.23	?0.60	?1.61	1.04	?3.30	?2.51
社经地位	6.90	11.56***	12.53*	12.36***	9.95***	6.80**	18.84***	11.19***
成长型思维	2.44***	3.22***	3.28***	2.41***	1.33***	2.06***	1.22***	1.64***
性别偏见	?0.80***	?0.30	?1.04***	?0.27	?0.73***	?0.52***	?0.93***	?0.05
性别期望	?0.13	0.17	0.01	0.05	0.19	?0.29	?0.17	0.03
性别角色	0.02	?0.12	0.34	?0.14	?0.19	?0.09	?0.25	?0.14
同学关系	1.08***	1.13***	2.15***	1.18***	0.67**	0.51*	0.23	0.35
师生关系	1.01***	1.12***	1.18***	1.13***	1.11***	1.53***	1.64***	1.55***
学校归属感	1.86***	1.67***	2.25***	1.54***	2.21***	1.84***	1.74***	1.55***
不良行为	?1.63***	?1.73***	?1.73***	?1.82***	?1.30***	?1.21***	?0.94***	?1.42***
受欺凌	?0.46*	0.04	0.61	0.58**	?0.07	0.29	?0.03	0.60***
欺凌者	?1.61***	?0.60*	?1.43***	?0.98***	?1.35***	?0.96***	?0.52	?0.90***
课外活动	16.94***	16.14***	22.90***	21.03***	15.34***	19.02***	21.57***	18.61***
教师反馈	0.12	1.05	1.70	4.31	4.45	11.19***	11.62***	16.03***
常数项	496.06***	346.65***	236.49***	370.27***	462.60***	362.70***	402.94***	339.82***
层一方差	2.90***	2.42***	3.03***	2.70***	1.98***	2.18***	2.07***	2.33***
层二方差	4.62***	4.57***	4.91***	4.52***	4.38***	4.31***	4.57***	4.23***

	10岁组			15岁组
	抗压力	乐观	情绪控制	抗压力	乐观	情绪控制
性别	15.22***	4.89	23.07***	29.85***	1.87	38.00***
移民	2.42	3.49	?0.42	6.66	?0.73	?3.58
社经地位	3.39	4.54	?2.22	7.86**	10.52***	3.81
成长型思维	1.74***	2.63***	2.00***	1.22***	1.63***	0.98***
性别偏见	?0.86***	?0.28	?1.01***	?0.26	0.03	?0.82***
性别期望	?0.05	0.11	?0.19	0.13	0.12	0.24
性别角色	0.32*	0.30*	0.10	?0.04	?0.07	?0.06
同学关系	1.20***	1.54***	1.28***	0.04	0.63***	0.48*
师生关系	0.39	0.20	0.55*	0.48*	0.42*	0.84***
学校归属感	1.88***	2.37***	1.91***	2.66***	3.67***	2.69***
不良行为	?0.70**	?0.49	?1.05**	?0.15	?0.24	?0.77***
受欺凌	?0.50**	?0.63***	?1.43***	?0.24	?0.28	?1.05***
欺凌者	?0.20	0.05	?1.26***	?0.13	0.58**	?0.53*
课外活动	10.67***	13.58***	12.03***	9.47***	5.21*	5.96*
教师反馈	3.15	?1.67	1.38	6.98**	6.09**	?3.65
常数项	325.45***	239.93***	467.98***	284.95***	209.44***	407.43***
层一方差	2.64***	2.66***	2.92***	1.69***	1.35	2.14***
层二方差	4.43***	4.40***	4.64***	4.29***	4.19***	4.39***