拔尖创新人才培养的理论基础和实践思路

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

拔尖创新人才的培养是一个现实而又紧迫的话题，但关于什么是“拔尖创新人才”，如何选拔和培养这类人才，尚缺乏成熟的理论准备和实践引导。本文旨在对创新潜能、发展、成就的理论以及对应的识别、培养、文化支持等社会实践做一个系统概要的阐述。首先，在拔尖创新人才的界定上，本文提出了创新的五种形态和创新人才的两种不同类型。第二，在创新人才的识别问题上，本文提出了基于人才动态发展观并结合“总体筛选”和“个体考察”的人才识别模式。第三，在发展和培养问题上，本文提出兼顾成长阶段和领域具体性同时突出“探索未知”和“开放性”的培养模式。第四，在创新成就的文化支持上，本文探讨了如何在创新实践中营造兼容认知多样性和鼓励自由探索的生态环境。第五，本文进一步针对现有教育体制提出了五个实践策略上的着眼点。最后，关于教育实践的政策导向，本文提出了四个基本原则和四种认知误区。

关键词: 创新人才, 创新类型, 创新潜能, 心智发展, 人才识别, 培养模式, 创新文化, 教育政策

Abstract:

The nurturing of creative talent is a significant and urgent matter. However, what constitutes creative talent, and how to identify and educate them-these issues still await good theoretical answers and practical guidance. This article is intended to address human creative potential in terms of how it develops and leads to creative accomplishments, and how educational and social interventions can be designed accordingly to identify, nurture, and culturally support the development of creative productivity. For the nature of creative talent, the article identifies five types of innovations and three types of creative talent. For identification, it is proposed that identification should be more dynamic and developmentally responsive. For nurturing creativity, a three-phase developmental and domain-specific approach is proposed. For cultural support, several issues are brought up as to what constitutes a creativity-friendly culture. Finally, the article proposes a set of five strategic considerations for implementing such a practical agenda, and for guiding policy, the article suggests four principles to follow, as well as precaution for conceptual traps that might hinder this line of work.

Key words: creative talent, typology of creativity, creative potential, intellectual development, talent identification, talent development, culture of innovation, education policy

戴耘. 拔尖创新人才培养的理论基础和实践思路[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(1): 1-23.

David Yun Dai. Theoretical Foundations and Practical Strategies of Developing Creative Talent[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2024, 42(1): 1-23.

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