华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 40-61.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.04.004

• 高等教育评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

大学人事制度改革的宏观逻辑和教师学术工作的微观行动:审计文化与学术文化的较量

林小英, 薛颖   

  1. 北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所,北京 100871
  • 发布日期:2020-04-13

The Macro Logic of University Personnel System Reform and the Micro-Action of Teachers’ Academic Work: The Game between Audit Culture and Academic Culture

Lin Xiaoying, Xue Ying   

  1. Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Published:2020-04-13

摘要: 2014年以来中国大学的教育综合改革方案以教师人事制度改革为突破口,希望以此达到建设世界一流大学的目标。改革的逻辑是从经济人假设出发,用丰厚的薪酬待遇吸引人才并刺激产出,通过绩效考核和淘汰制进行市场竞争,以此激发教师的学术活力和产出效率。这是人事制度改革投射出的理想的学术生产图景,也是审计文化进入高等教育的典型表现。然而,通过对教师在职称晋升时的行为策略分析发现,以利益为交换条件,以奖惩为刺激的激励不仅会侵蚀教师热爱学术的纯粹之心,也会破坏良好的学术环境和学术文化,进而对教师造成难以估量的、永久性的内伤。学校的宏观逻辑和教师的微观行动之间的错位是管理视角的审计文化和个体视角的学术文化之间的碰撞和较量。人事改革政策的宏观逻辑要求大量的透明信息,但破坏了学术文化中最宝贵的信任。面对审计文化在高等教育中推行的强制性问责,我们需要从学术文化的角度重新定义“大学品质”“学术竞争力”等关键概念,以便彰显学术共同体的意义。

关键词: 人事制度改革, 大学教师, 学术工作, 审计文化, 学术文化

Abstract: Since 2014, the comprehensive education reform plan of Chinese universities takes the reform of teachers’ personnel system as its breakthrough, hoping to achieve the goal of building a world-class university. The logic of the reform is to start with the hypothesis of economic man, attract talents with high salary and stimulate output, and conduct market competition through performance appraisal and elimination system, so as to stimulate the academic vitality and output efficiency of teachers. This is the ideal picture of academic production projected by the reform of personnel system, and also the typical performance of audit culture entering into higher education. However, through the analysis of teachers’ behavior strategies in the promotion of professional titles, it is found that the incentive of taking benefits as exchange conditions and rewards and punishments as incentives will not only erode teachers’ pure love for learning, but also damage the good academic environment and academic culture, resulting in incalculable and permanent internal injuries. The dislocation between the macro logic of the school and the micro action of the teachers is the collision and competition between the audit culture from the management perspective and the academic culture from the individual perspective. The macro logic of personnel reform policy requires a lot of transparent information, but it destroys the most valuable trust in academic culture. Facing the compulsory accountability of audit culture in higher education, we need to redefine the key concepts of “university quality” and “academic competitiveness” from the perspective of academic culture, so that they can reflect the significance of academic community.

Key words: personnel system reform, university teacher, academic work, audit culture, academic culture