华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 124-136+170.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.01.014

• 教育公平与质量 • 上一篇    下一篇

鲤鱼跃龙门:农村学生的大学“逆袭”之路——基于首都大学生成长跟踪调查的实证研究

吴秋翔, 崔盛   

  1. 中国人民大学教育学院, 北京 100872
  • 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-22
  • 基金资助:
    北京市社会科学基金青年项目"大学生理想信念教育与生涯发展研究"(18JYC021)。

Road to “Counterattacks” of Rural Students at Universities: An Empirical Study Based on Beijing College Students Panel Survey

WU Qiuxiang, CUI Sheng   

  1. School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
  • Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-22

摘要: 上大学是农村学生改变个人命运的重要途径,但是作为弱势群体,农村学生究竟如何通过接受大学教育来改变人生,缩小与城市学生之间的差距?本文基于"首都大学生成长跟踪调查"(BCSPS),试图从学生入学、大学成长到就业发展的动态研究视角给出回答。研究发现,农村学生存在明显的家庭背景劣势,在入学时产生成绩差距。但是农村学生通过自身努力、以勤补拙,在大学学习方面超越城市学生,并在综合能力提升方面表现不俗,最终获得与城市学生不相上下的就业结果。这是农村学生凭借勤勉踏实的态度、更多的努力投入,积累的人力资本所获得,弥补了其在家庭背景上的劣势。研究建议,高校应该注重农村学生的教育工作,做好他们的心态过度,重视其非认知能力的培养,提供发展型资助支持,并加强就业指导,帮助他们实现人生的"逆袭"。

关键词: 农村学生, 大学成长, 就业发展, 家庭背景

Abstract: Going to college is an important way for rural students to change their destiny. However, as a vulnerable student group, how can rural students change their lives through higher education and narrow the gap with their urban peers? Based on the "Beijing College Students Panel Survey", this article attempts to give an answer by examining enrollment, growth at university, and employment development in a dynamic research perspective. The study finds that rural students have notable disadvantages in family background, which significantly affects their national college entrance examination scores and creates a gap when they enter the colleges. However, rural students have higher academic performance than urban students through their hard work. Therefore they obtain competitive employment results with urban students. This is achieved through rural students' hard-work, greater efforts and accumulated human capital, which make up for the disadvantages in family background. The study suggests that colleges and universities should help them through "counterattacks" of life by addressing the over-exiting mentality, focusing on the non-cognitive development, providing developmental financial funding, as well as employment guidance for rural students.

Key words: rural students, growth at university, employment development, family background