华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 47-58.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.005

• 改革与发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

新高考制度下家庭背景对高中生科目选择的影响分析——基于浙江省2017—2020届高考毕业生调查数据的实证研究

张建珍, 梁晓雨   

  1. 浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,金华 321004
  • 接受日期:2023-02-26 出版日期:2023-06-01 发布日期:2023-05-30
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金教育学一般课题“什么知识改变命运:知识类型及其获得与阶层流动机制的‘中国经验’研究”(BAA180017)

Analysis of the Influence of Family Background on Students’ Subject Choices under the New College Entrance Examination System: Empirical Investigation Based on Survey Data in Zhejiang Province

Jianzhen Zhang, Xiaoyu Liang   

  1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
  • Accepted:2023-02-26 Online:2023-06-01 Published:2023-05-30

摘要:

科目选考是新高考改革的核心内容之一。为探究家庭背景对高中生科目选择意愿及学业成就的影响,以浙江省2017—2020届新高考毕业生的抽样调查数据为基础,进行描述性统计、因子分析、交叉分析和二元Logistic回归分析。结果显示:(1)家庭背景越有优势,学生越容易获得高学业成就。(2)家庭背景对学科选择有显著影响,主要表现在家庭经济资本正向影响学习成本较高学科的选择,家庭数理化理念正向影响偏理学科的选择,家庭文化氛围正向影响偏文学科的选择。(3)个人因素如性别和学科成绩仍是影响科目选择意愿的关键因素,主要体现为男生和优绩学生更青睐理科。需出台相应政策以促进学生全面发展、合理进行科目选择,进一步促进教育机会公平。

关键词: 新高考改革, 科目选择, 学业成就, 家庭背景

Abstract:

The subject selection system is one of the core contents of the new college entrance examination reform. To investigate the effect of family background on high school students' willingness to choose subjects and academic achievement, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, crossover analysis, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted based on the data from a sample of Zhejiang Province’s 2017-2020 New College Entrance Examination graduates. Results show that, first, the more advantageous the family background, the more likely the student will achieve high academic achievement. Second, family background has a significant influence on subject choice, mainly in terms of family economic capital positively influencing the choice of subjects with high learning costs, family philosophy of mathematics and chemistry positively influencing the choice of science-oriented subjects, and family cultural atmosphere positively influencing the choice of literature-oriented subjects. Finally, personal factors such as gender and subject performance are still the key factors influencing the willingness to choose subjects, mainly reflected in male and high-performing students preferring science subjects. Policies need to be in place to promote all-round development of students and rational subject choices to further promote equity in educational opportunities.

Key words: new college entrance examination reform, subject selection, academic achievement, family background