华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 44-56.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.06.004

• 专题：乡村振兴背景下的农村教师队伍建设 • 上一篇    下一篇

“前补偿”抑或“后激励”？——乡村振兴背景下定向师范生违约问题研究

张源源, 薛芳芳   

  1. 东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院，长春 130024
  • 出版日期:2022-06-01 发布日期:2022-05-31
  • 基金资助:
    全国教育科学规划国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“农村定向师范优秀生源吸引机制研究”（BHA200156）

Pre-compensation or Post-incentive: Research on the Breach of Contract by Rural-oriented Normal Students under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Yuanyuan Zhang, Fangfang Xue   

  1. China Institute of Rural Education Development, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
  • Online:2022-06-01 Published:2022-05-31

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摘要：

定向师范生是乡村教师的重要来源。近年来，随着定向师范生培养规模的扩大，师范生违约问题逐渐显现，打乱了乡村教师的补充计划，影响了政策效能。基于25个省份的乡村定向师范生政策文本和3个省（市）的实地调研数据发现，当前的政策以“前补偿+约束”的方式形成契约关系，强调师范生的责任与义务，缺乏对在读师范生以及服务期师范生持续性的激励，易引发师范生的违约行为。为了降低违约率，应基于激励相容的原则，强化“后激励+约束”设计，弥补个体预期和政策目标之间的差距，避免政策“后激励”不足。

关键词: 乡村教师, 定向师范生, 激励相容, 机制设计

Abstract:

Rural-oriented normal students are an important source of rural teachers. In recent years, with the expansion of the oriented normal student training scale, the problem of normal students’ breach of contract has emerged, disrupting the supplementary plan of rural teachers and affecting the policy effectiveness. Based on the policy texts of rural-oriented normal students in 25 provinces and field survey data in three provinces (cities), it is found that the current policy forms a contractual relationship in the form of “pre-compensation + constraint”, emphasizing the responsibilities and obligations of normal students, but lacking continuous incentives for pre-service and in-service normal students, which may easily lead to normal students’ breach of contract. In order to reduce the default rate, based on the principle of incentive compatibility, the design of “post-incentive + constraint” should be strengthened to bridge the gap between individual expectations and policy objectives, and to avoid insufficient policy “post-incentives”.

Key words: rural teachers, rural-oriented normal students, incentive compatibility, mechanism design