华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 59-77.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.06.006

• 改革与发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国研究生教育资源配置效率的时空格局与演化——基于2003—2018年省域面板数据的供给侧分析

张学敏1, 赵国栋2   

  1. 1. 西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆 400715
    2. 西南大学教育学部,重庆 400715
  • 出版日期:2023-06-01 发布日期:2023-05-30
  • 基金资助:
    2022年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“西部农村和民族地区人力资本培育的方式和路径选择研究”(22&ZD065)

The Spatio-temporal Pattern and Evolution of Resource Allocation Efficiency of Postgraduate Education in China: Supply Side Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data from 2003 to 2018

Xuemin Zhang1, Guodong Zhao2   

  1. 1. Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
    2. Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Online:2023-06-01 Published:2023-05-30

摘要:

基于供给侧视角构建研究生教育资源配置的评价指标体系,利用改进的随机前沿模型对我国30个省份2003—2018年研究生教育资源的配置效率进行测算,在此基础上综合运用Kernel密度曲线、标准差椭圆和空间计量模型对效率值的时空演化、收敛性以及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:我国研究生教育资源配置效率表现出稳步上升的变动趋势,但整体效率偏低且值域范围仅在0.255和0.321之间;空间上呈现出东部均值(0.428)>东北均值(0.341)>中部均值(0.245)>西部均值(0.170)的梯形分布格局,而增长率却正好相反。此外,高值与高值、低值与低值省份集聚稳固,在样本期内未发生明显的时空跃迁。传统β收敛模型和条件β收敛模型均显示全国收敛态势明显,并随着教育规模的有序扩大和产业结构的优化升级将得到进一步强化,但对于不同地区影响的方向和强度则不尽相同。因此,国家应实施因地制宜的资源配置策略、构建以强带弱的资源共享渠道、疏通提质增效的资源转化障碍来加速提升研究生教育资源配置效率,在协同推进中形成空间联动的高质量发展格局。

关键词: 研究生教育, 资源配置效率, 供给侧, 随机前沿模型, 空间收敛性

Abstract:

Based on the supply side perspective, the evaluation index system of postgraduate education resources allocation is constructed. The improved stochastic frontier model is used to calculate the allocation efficiency of postgraduate education resources in 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2018. On this basis, the Kernel density curve, standard deviation ellipse and spatial econometric model are used to comprehensively analyze the spatio-temporal evolution, convergence and influencing factors of efficiency value. The results show that the allocation efficiency of postgraduate education resources in China shows a trend of steady increase, but the overall efficiency is low and the range is only between 0.255 and 0.321. The spatial distribution pattern showed a ladder pattern of east (0.428) > northeast (0.341) > central (0.245) > west (0.170). However, the growth rate of each region was opposite. In addition, provinces with high value and high value, low value and low value are stable, and no obvious spatio-temporal transition occurs in the sample period. Both traditional β convergence model and conditional β convergence model show that the convergence trend is obvious in the whole country, and will be further strengthened with the orderly expansion of educational scale and the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. However, the direction and intensity of influence on different regions are different. Therefore, the government should implement the resource allocation strategy according to local conditions, construct resource sharing channels with strong leading weak, and clear the barriers of resource transformation to improve quality and efficiency to accelerate the improvement of postgraduate education resource allocation efficiency, and form a high-quality spatial linkage development pattern in the coordinated promotion.

Key words: postgraduate education, resource allocation efficiency, supply side, stochastic frontier model, spatial convergence