华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 12-25.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.03.002

• 教育评价:新高考改革 • 上一篇    下一篇

新高考是否促进了学生自主选科?——基于CatBoost回归树模型的实证分析

周建华, 单正义, 覃红霞   

  1. 1. 厦门大学教育研究院,厦门 361005
  • 接受日期:2023-12-11 出版日期:2024-03-01 发布日期:2024-02-22
  • 基金资助:
    教育部哲学社会科学2020年度重大课题攻关项目“高校考试招生改革引导学生德智体美劳全面发展研究”(20JZD050)

Has the New College Entrance Examination Promoted Students’ Independent Subject Selection: Empirical Analysis Based on CatBoost Regression Tree model

Jianhua Zhou, Zhengyi Shan, Hongxia Qin   

  1. 1. Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
  • Accepted:2023-12-11 Online:2024-03-01 Published:2024-02-22

摘要:

新高考改革的目标旨归之一在于使学生能够自主选择考试科目。然而现有研究对新高考是否增加了学生的选科自主性未达成共识。本文基于2022年“高考改革问卷调查”获取的31656份大学生样本,按70%、15%、15%的比例随机将样本分割为训练组、验证组和测试组,用训练组构建CatBoost回归树模型,该模型通过了验证组和测试组的检验。基于该模型的实证研究发现:新高考促进了学生选科自主性,提高了学生的选择权,但学生的选择能力并未提升,反而有所下降;同时,新高考加剧了学生、家长、高中教师的选科逻辑冲突,增加了学生选科焦虑感;从促进学生自主选科视角来看,“3+1+2”模式是高考改革的理性回归,有利于维护高考改革的稳定性与可持续性。

关键词: 新高考, 自主选科, 选择权, 选择力

Abstract:

One of the goals of the new college entrance examination reform is to enable candidates to choose exam subjects independently. However, existing research has not reached a consensus on whether the new college entrance examination has increased students’ autonomy in subject selection. Based on 31,656 college students’ samples obtained from the “College Entrance Examination Reform Questionnaire Survey” in 2022, this paper randomly divided the samples into training group, verification group and test group according to the proportion of 70%, 15% and 15%, and constructed CatBoost regression Tree model with the training group. The model passed the test of the verification group and the test group. Empirical research based on this model has found that the new college entrance examination promotes students’ autonomy in subject selection and enhances their right to choose, but their choice power has decreased, rather than improved. The new college entrance examination has intensified the logical conflicts among candidates, parents, and high school teachers in choosing subjects, increasing the anxiety of candidates in choosing subjects. From the perspective of promoting students’ autonomous subject selection, the “3+1+2” model is a rational return to the reform of the college entrance examination, which is conducive to maintaining the stability and sustainability of the reform.

Key words: new college entrance examination, independently selecting subjects, option, selective power