华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 76-85.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2025.05.006

• 教育强国（特约主持：国家教育宏观政策研究院） • 上一篇    下一篇

教育强国背景下理工科博士学位供给优化研究——基于教育科技人才一体化视角

方建锋1,2, 房欲飞3, 王克宇4   

  1. 1. 上海师范大学—上海市教育科学研究院“教育大数据与教育决策实验室”，上海 200233
    2. 华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院，上海 200062
    3. 上海市教育科学研究院高等教育研究所，上海 200033
    4. 上海师范大学教育学院，上海 200233
  • 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-04-21
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金“十四五规划”2024年度教育学重大课题“高等教育人才供需适配机制研究”（VIA240008）的阶段性成果。

Optimization of Science & Engineering PhD Program Supply Under the Background of Building an Education Powerhouse: From the Perspective of the Integration of Education, Science & Technology and Talent

Jianfeng Fang1,2, Yufei Fang3, Keyu Wang4   

  1. 1. Educational Big Data and Educational Decision Lab, Shanghai Normal University-Shanghai Academy of Education Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
    2. National Institutes of Educational Policy Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    3. Higher Education Institute, Shanghai Academy of Education Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
    4. School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China
  • Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-04-21

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摘要：

教育强国是实现中国式现代化的战略先导和基础工程，对教育强转化为科技强、人才强起着促进作用。我国高水平科技自立自强对科技人才的迫切需求，要求教育强国建设着力加强理工科博士的自主培养。以教育科技人才一体化视角观之，当前我国理工科博士学位供给尚面临生产强度难以满足现实需求、基础学科占比较低影响了原创性科技突破、培养质量不高带来人才外流风险等挑战，与建成教育强国的战略目标尚有差距。建议以《关于深入推进学术学位与专业学位研究生教育分类发展的意见》等政策法律的发布为契机优化学位供给能力，顺应国际趋势将新增博士学位投放到理工科领域，加大基础学科学术学位供给力度，以科教协同、产教融合推动理工科博士培养质量提升。

关键词: 教育强国, 教育科技人才一体化, 高水平科技自立自强, 理工科, 博士学位

Abstract:

Educational powerhouse serves as a strategic precursor and foundational project for achieving Chinese-style modernization, and plays a role in promoting the transformation of strong education into strong science and technology and strong talents. The urgent need for high level scientific and technological talents in pursuit of China’s high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement necessitates the construction of an educational powerhouse focusing on strengthening the independent cultivation of science & engineering doctoral students. From the perspective of the integration of education, science and technology, and talent, the current supply of science & engineering doctoral degrees in China still faces challenges such as insufficient production intensity to meet practical demands, a low proportion of basic disciplines hindering original scientific and technological breakthroughs, and the risk of talent outflow due to suboptimal training quality. These challenges indicate a gap with the strategic requirements for establishing an educational powerhouse. It is recommended to take the issuance of policies and laws such as the “Opinions on Further Promoting the Categorized Development of Academic and Professional Degree Graduate Education” as an opportunity, aligning with international trends by allocating newly added doctoral degrees to science & engineering fields, increasing the supply of academic degrees in basic disciplines, and promoting the improvement of training quality for doctoral students in science and engineering through collaboration between science and education, as well as integration of industry and academia.

Key words: education powerhouse, integration of education, science and technology, and talent, high-level technological self-reliance and self-improvement, science & engineering, doctoral degree