华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 8-50.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2026.08.002

• 全景报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

超越图灵测试：全球首个“AI一作”大型社会实验全景报告

张治1,4, 陈霜叶2, 肖敏3, 刘一萌4, 张凯4, 季程5   

  1. 1. 教育部哲学社会科学实验室华东师范大学智能教育实验室，上海 200062
    2. 华东师范大学教育学部，上海 200062
    3. 上海市未来学习研究与发展中心，上海 201999
    4. 华东师范大学上海智能教育研究院，上海 200062
    5. 南京伯索网络科技有限公司，南京 210006
  • 出版日期:2026-08-01 发布日期:2026-06-23
  • 基金资助:
    科技部国家重点研发计划“青少年身心成长促进智能支持技术与应用示范”（2023YFC3305805）。

Beyond the Turing Test: A Panoramic Report on the World’s First Large-Scale Social Experiment of “AI as the First Author”

Zhi Zhang1,4, Shuangye Chen2, Min Xiao3, Yimeng Liu4, kai Zhang4, Cheng Ji5   

  1. 1. Intelligent Education Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    2. Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    3. Shanghai Future Learning Research and Development Center, Shanghai 201999, China
    4. Shanghai Institute of AI for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
    5. Nanjing PLASO Network Technologies Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China
  • Online:2026-08-01 Published:2026-06-23

RichHTML

3

PDF

20

摘要：

2025 年 9 月，华东师范大学发起全球首个 “AI 一作” 大型社会实验，以准实地实验方法开展 “AI 驱动教育研究论文写作” 征文，规定 AI 为第一作者、人类为协作与把关角色，历时半年收到海内外有效投稿 724 篇，在此基础上探索 AI 赋能哲学社会科学研究第五范式、学术伦理规范及教育学自主知识体系构建路径。实验历经干预设计、反响监测、专家研讨、数据采集、AI 审稿、人机一致性检验、数据分析与成果发布八大阶段，采用混合研究方法揭示核心发现：AI 在灵感激发、信息处理、文本润色等环节优势显著，但存在文献虚构、逻辑空心、创新不足、伦理隐患等局限；高效 AI 应用可显著提升学术贡献，形成六种创新样态与五种人机协同模式；AI 审稿具备可靠性，与人类专家评价存在互补性，不同大语言模型科研品味差异明显；学术界呈现显著 “AI 代沟”，青年群体更适配人机协同，AI 一定程度上推动了智慧平权。研究提出未来需推动科研范式转型、评价体系改革、科研垂类智能体研发、育人模式重构、文凭认证革新等，为智能时代学术创新与教育变革提供实证支撑与实践启示。

关键词: AI 一作, 社会实验, 教育科研, 人机协同, 科研范式, 学术伦理, AI 审稿, 智慧平权

Abstract:

In September 2025, East China Normal University launched the world’s first large-scale social experiment of “AI as the First Author”. Using a quasi-field experimental method, it carried out an essay-soliciting activity on “AI-Driven Educational Research Paper Writing”, requiring AI to be the first author and humans to play the roles of collaborators and reviewers. Over a period of half a year, 724 valid submissions were received from both domestic and international sources. Based on this, the university explored the fifth paradigm of AI-empowered research in philosophy and social sciences, academic ethical norms, and the path to constructing an independent knowledge system in education. The experiment went through eight stages: intervention design, response monitoring, expert seminars, data collection, AI-based manuscript review, human-machine consistency testing, data analysis, and result publication. A mixed-research method was adopted to reveal the core findings. AI has significant advantages in aspects such as inspiration generation, information processing, and text polishing, but it has limitations such as fictional literature, logical hollowness, insufficient innovation, and ethical risks; efficient AI application can significantly enhance academic contributions, forming six innovative patterns and five human-AI collaboration models; AI-based manuscript review is reliable and complementary to the evaluation by human experts, and there are obvious differences in the research tastes of different large language models; there is a significant “AI generation gap” in the academic community, with the younger generation being more adaptable to human-AI collaboration, and AI has, to some extent, promoted intellectual equality. The research proposed that in the future, efforts should be made to promote the transformation of research paradigms, reform of evaluation systems, development of research-specific AI agents, reconstruction of educational models, and innovation of diploma certification. Findings provide empirical support and practical inspiration for academic innovation and educational transformation in the intelligent era.

Key words: AI as the first author, social experiment, educational research, human-AI collaboration, research paradigm, academic ethics, AI-based paper review, intellectual equity