华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 43-56.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.02.004

• 基础教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

中小学生肥胖问题研究：校际差异及时间分配表征

张文明1,2, 陈嘉晟1   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学社会发展学院，上海 200241
    2. 华东师范大学国家教育宏观政策研究院 上海 200241
  • 出版日期:2022-02-01 发布日期:2022-01-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金2021年度教育学一般课题“农村留守儿童社会性发展监测研究”（BHA210133）

Obesity in Primary and Middle School Students： Inter-school Differences and Time-use Patterns

Wenming Zhang1,2, Jiasheng Chen1   

  1. 1. School of Social Development ,East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241 China
    2. National Institutes of Educational Policy Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241 China
  • Online:2022-02-01 Published:2022-01-20

RichHTML

200

PDF

652

摘要：

学校是否会形塑学生身体？为回答这一问题，基于“中小学生学习情况及学习环境调查（2020）”数据，通过“以个体为中心”的研究视角，运用潜在剖面分析、多层次次序Logistic回归，探讨基础教育阶段学校层面的校际差异与个体层面的时间分配模式是否对中小学生的肥胖程度产生影响。研究发现：（1）在小学阶段和初中阶段，学校评级与学校性质分别会对小学生与初中生的肥胖程度造成影响；高中阶段学校因素的影响不显著。（2）肥胖程度在时间分配模式上呈现出两种不同表征并随学段发生变化。在小学与初中阶段，作业型、均衡型与游戏型3种较多静态时间分配模式的学生更容易发胖。（3）中小学生肥胖的时间分配随着校际差异存在异质性表征，初中阶段尤为明显。相较于民办初中，公办初中的学生更容易因时间分配的不均衡而“致胖”。因此，在学校及学生健康政策制定中应当充分考虑中小学生肥胖的结构性特征，通过对作业、手机（游戏）、运动以及睡眠的时间进行政策性干预，进而从影响肥胖的外部因素角度有效遏制超重、肥胖现象的发生。

关键词: 肥胖, 以个体为中心, 校际差异, 时间分配模式

Abstract:

Does school environment shape students’ bodies? To answer this question, based on the data from the Survey of Primary and Middle School Students’ Learning Situations and Learning Environments (2020), we investigated, through an “individual-centered” research perspective, latent profile analysis and multilevel ordinal logistic regression, whether inter-school differences and time-use patterns in basic education have an impact on obesity among primary and junior secondary school students. This research found that, first, at the primary and middle school level, the school level and the school type have an effect on the obesity of students. The effect of school factors at the senior high school level was not significant. Second, there are significant time-use patterns in obesity levels and two characteristics with school level. At the primary and middle school levels, students with more quiet time for homework and video games are more likely to be obese. Third, the time-use patterns of obesity among primary and middle school students were variable with inter-school differences and was particularly evident at the middle school level. Students in public middle schools were more likely to show differences in the time-use patterns of obesity compared to students in private middle schools. Therefore, the structural characteristics of obesity in primary and middle school students should be fully considered in the formulation of school and student health policies. Policy interventions should be made through the time spent on homework, cell phones (games), sport and sleep, so as to effectively curb the occurrence of overweight and obesity.

Key words: obesity, individual-centered, inter-school differences, time-use patterns