华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 31-43.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.08.004

• 高等工程教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

新时期本科教育拔尖创新人才培养模式探索——一项关于清华“钱班”12年试点的质性研究

李曼丽1, 王金羽1, 郑泉水2,3, 徐芦平2,3,4   

  1. 1. 清华大学教育研究院，北京 100084
    2. 清华大学微纳米力学与多学科交叉创新研究中心，北京 100084
    3. 清华大学“清华学堂人才培养计划”钱学森力学班，北京 100084
    4. 清华大学行健书院，北京 100084
  • 出版日期:2022-08-01 发布日期:2022-07-26
  • 基金资助:
    第二批新工科研究与实践项目“工科拔尖创新人才培养的系统建构与实践”（E-DXKJC20200502）

Exploring The Cultivation Mode of Top-notch Innovative Talents in Undergraduate Education in The New Era:A Qualitative Study Based on TheTsien Excellence in Engineering Program’s 12 Years of Pilot in Tsinghua University

Manli Li1, Jinyu Wang1, Quanshui Zheng2,3, luping Xu2,3,4   

  1. 1. The Institute of Education, Tsinghua University Beijing, 100084, China
    2. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University Beijing, 100084 China
    3. Tsien Excellence in Engineering Program, Tsinghua university, Beijing, 100084 China
    4. Xingjian College, Tsinghua University Beijing, 100084 China
  • Online:2022-08-01 Published:2022-07-26

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摘要：

研究型大学本科教育改革方向是近20年高等教育领域改革探索的难题之一。清华大学钱学森力学班（“钱班”）是我国“珠峰计划”的基础学科拔尖计划改革试点样本之一。论文基于“钱班”试点以来大量的官方文件、会议记录等静态数据，以及两年多的参与式观察、深度访谈等动态数据，综合运用档案研究、案例研究等质性研究方法进行了多重分析。研究发现：相比于传统本科教育组织方式，“钱班”历时10余年的试点实践，探索了“课程精深学习+进阶性科研训练”双轴驱动培养模式，并从“知识和经验的整合、时间与空间的拓展、师生互动方式和学生自我建构”四个维度比较系统地对理工类本科拔尖人才培养的核心要素和运行机理作了重新界说。“钱班”模式为推动新时期高质量、内涵式本科教育发展与改革工作提供了不同视角的参照框架。

关键词: 研究型大学, 拔尖创新人才培养, 理工本科教育, 清华“钱班”

Abstract:

The direction of undergraduate education reform in research universities is one of the difficult problems in the reform and exploration of higher education in the past 20 years. This paper takes Tsien Excellence in Engineering Program (TEEP) in Tsinghua university, one of the pilot samples of China’s “Everest Plan”, as the research object, focusing on the pilot course and experience of undergraduate education in research universities in China. Based on a large number of static data such as official documents and meeting records across the past ten years of TEEP reform process, and dynamic data collected by researchers during the past two years including participatory observation, depth interview; etc, this paper comprehensively used the methods of archival research and case study. The study found that: compared with the traditional undergraduate education organization, TEEP has explored the “dual-axis driven” cultivation mode of “intensive course learning + advanced scientific research training” after more than a decade’s pilot practice. This paper reinterprets the core elements and operating mechanism of the “dual-axis driven” cultivation mode from its connotation and four dimensions: “systematic integration of knowledge and experience, logic of students’ time and space, interpersonal interaction between teachers and students, and self-construction of students”. The conclusion of this paper can provide theoretical framework and practical reference from different perspectives and value orientation for further promoting undergraduate education reform in research universities in the new era.

Key words: research university, cultivation of top-notch innovative talents, undergraduate education in science and engineering, Tsien Excellence in Engineering Program in Tsinghua University