人文社科博士毕业生就业能力供需匹配分析

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在博士就业多元化背景下，明确博士毕业生能力素质需求，有助于针对性完善博士培养机制和发挥高端人才的引领作用。基于人文社科博士毕业生和雇主的跨国调查数据，分析博士毕业生的就业能力需求及供需匹配状况，可以发现，不管是科研工作还是其他替代性职业，博士毕业生需要专业知识和研究能力，以及口头沟通、写作、团队合作、人际交往和项目管理等广泛的就业能力。然而，博士毕业生和雇主一致认为，现有的博士教育体系无法为毕业生充分提供就业市场所需的技能，如管理能力、人际交往、领导力、合作能力等，导致博士毕业生职业准备不充分、就业能力不足或与市场需求不匹配。在创新需求前所未有的新时代，学术目标是博士教育的核心，但通用技能训练也应成为不可或缺的部分。各利益相关方需要建立互动合作机制，全面提升博士毕业生的综合性就业能力。

关键词: 博士毕业生, 就业能力, 研究能力, 通用能力, 博士生教育

Abstract: Identifying skills and competences for PhD graduates can help to improve the doctoral training mechanism and the effectiveness of high-end talents. Using cross-country survey data of PhD graduates and employers, this paper analyzes their views on the skills needed in job markets. It is found that doctoral graduates not only need specific knowledge and research abilities, but also need a wide range of general skills such as oral communication, writing, collaboration, interpersonal skills and project management. Looking at PhD graduates' and employers' views, it is found that PhD programs fail to equip graduates with skills needed in employment market. There is a skill gap and mismatch. In the new era of knowledge innovation, the core component of doctoral education is academic training, but employability agenda should be an integral part of this process. Stakeholders involved in the process of developing PhD graduates' employability should establish partnerships. This research contributes to understanding doctoral qualifications and approaches to cultivating them.

Key words: PhD graduates, employability, research skills, general skills, doctoral education

卿石松. 人文社科博士毕业生就业能力供需匹配分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020, 38(12): 85-98.

Qing Shisong. Employability of Humanities PhD Graduates and Labor Market Mismatches[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2020, 38(12): 85-98.

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