华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1-14.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.12.001

• 特稿 •    

比较法视野下教育法学定位与学科体系

秦惠民, 王俊   

  1. 北京外国语大学国际教育学院,北京 100089
  • 出版日期:2021-12-01 发布日期:2021-11-23
  • 基金资助:
    全国教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度国家重大课题“新时代提升中国参与全球教育治理的能力及策略研究”(课题号:VDA200004);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“美国教师法修改与发展走向研究”(课题号:2020JJ032)

Study of Education Law in Perspective of Comparative Law: Orientation and Disciplinary System

Huimin Qin, Jun Wang   

  1. School of Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China
  • Online:2021-12-01 Published:2021-11-23

摘要:

在大陆法系国家,教育法学的学科体系主要以法律概念在教育领域的适用为逻辑起点,以教育法律、教育法律现象及其规律性为研究对象,以教育法规范教育秩序和调整法律关系中教育主体的权利义务及学理逻辑为分析框架,以政府主导的教育改革与法律制度的互动为关注主线,以司法纠纷中的理论难点为问题导引。在普通法系国家,教育法学的学科体系在很大程度上取决于,个人作为权利的持有者如何使用法律概念和推论模式,通过法律技术来解决争议和保护权利。教育法学的定位需要优先关注功能定位,而不是学科定位。教育法学学科体系是在权利义务体系和类型结构体系基础上研究和构造完备的教育法律体系的知识和理论范式,其科学性需要深入研究学科基本理论和基本问题,其适切性需要关注教育领域内外不断出现的相关现实问题。

关键词: 教育法, 教育法学, 大陆法系, 普通法系, 学科体系

Abstract:

In civil law countries, the disciplinary system for study of education law takes the application of legal concepts in education field as the logical starting point, education law, education legal phenomena and its regularity as the research objects, the education law regulating educational order and adjusting rights and obligations of educational subjects in legal relations and the doctrinal logic as the analytical framework, the interaction between government-led educational reform and the legal system as the main line of attention, and theoretical difficulties in judicial disputes as guidelines for problems. In common law countries, the disciplinary system heavily depends on how individuals, as holders of rights, use legal concepts and modes of inference to resolve disputes and protect rights through legal techniques. In common law countries, the disciplinary system of educational jurisprudence depends heavily on how individuals, as holders of rights, use legal concepts and modes of inference to resolve disputes and protect rights through legal techniques. The orientation for study of education law requires a priority focus on a functional rather than a disciplinary orientation. The disciplinary system for study of education law is a knowledge and theory paradigm for studying and constructing a complete educational legal system based on the system of rights and obligations and the system of types and structures. Its scientificity requires an in-depth study of the basic theories and fundamental issues of the discipline, and its applicability needs to pay attention to the relevant problems that constantly arise in the reality inside and outside the education field.

Key words: education law, study of education law, civil law system, common law system, disciplinary system