华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1-10+152.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2017.06.001

• 特稿 •    下一篇

学术职业选择、阶层趣味与个人机遇

阎光才   

  1. 华东师范大学高等教育研究所, 上海 200062
  • 出版日期:2017-12-20 发布日期:2017-11-14
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目"关于学术生命周期的实证检验与我国学术制度与政策的调整"（71373083）。

The Choice of Academic Profession: Class Taste or Personal Opportunities

YAN Guangcai   

  1. Institute of Higher Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Online:2017-12-20 Published:2017-11-14

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摘要： 从历史角度而言，进入近代社会后，学术职业才为中上阶层所青睐并逐渐为其所主导。本研究表明：我国学术职业为中上阶层主导格局背后的生发机理，主要源于与家庭相关的早期优质教育资源获得优势，但这种优势会随着教育年限的增加而缓慢衰减，并逐渐为机构效应所替代。就总体而言，学术职业选择的阶层差异并非完全源于阶层文化与趣味，而是家庭经济条件差异以及各阶段教育资源分配的不平等。因此，立足于教育优先策略，全面丰富惠及所有人的教育资源，大幅增加社会各阶层子女教育年限，是提升全民劳动素质、挖掘人的潜能、培育大批高层次创新人才以及推动社会稳定发展、创建有序社会的效率与公正兼顾之策。

关键词: 学术职业, 阶层差异, 教育公平

Abstract: Historically, it is in modern society that academic profession was favored by middle and upper class. In current China's society, the pattern of academic profession dominated by middle and upper class results from the different economic conditions of the family and the inequality of resource distributionin education at all levels, rather than class culture and taste. Therefore, it is essential to implement education priority strategy, enrich educational resources for all, and extend the years of schooling for all. This can not only improve the labor's quality, develop the personal potential, and cultivate numbers of talents, but also help to promote the development of society and construction of a harmonious and orderly society steadily.

Key words: academic profession, class difference, education equity