元宇宙中的教育：现状与革新的未来

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.11.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文关注元宇宙（metaverse）概念下不同行动主体的教育实践与前沿理念，提出观察元宇宙教育现状与革新的三个层次，即去中心化技术带来的教育结构性变革、元宇宙中的知识经验变化以及人机交互发展。文章认为，元宇宙中的教育将从去中心化自治组织（DAO）、去中心化金融（DeFi）和去中心化身份（DID）三个维度革新传统中心化教育模式、强化教育的普惠性；游戏是元宇宙重要辅助教育资源，在锻造教育认知链条、拓展数字课堂叙事、构建泛在学习机制等方面具有显著优势；新形态人机交互拓宽了学科边界，且发生在数字教育社区的校园元宇宙为教育学习创造了新的连接可能。

关键词: 元宇宙, 去中心化社区, 电子游戏, 虚拟现实, 人机交互, 教育

Abstract:

This article examines the educational practice and cutting-edge ideas of different actors under the concept of metaverse. We bring forward three levels of observation of education in Metaverse, namely, the changing structure empowered by decentralized technology, the altered knowledge and experience of education in metaverse, and the development of human-computer Interaction. We believe that, first, Web 3 Education will update the traditional educational model and highlight the publicity of education from the dimensions of DAO, Defi and DID. Second, video games have significant advantages in forging educational cognitive chains, expanding digital classroom narratives, and building ubiquitous learning mechanisms, and are important auxiliary educational resources in Metaverse. Finally, the new form of human-computer interaction broadens the boundaries of disciplines, and the university metaverse that takes place in the digital education community creates new connection possibilities for education and learning.

Key words: metaverse, decentralized communities, video games, virtual reality, human-computer interaction, education

王琳, 陈泓舟, 蔡玮. 元宇宙中的教育：现状与革新的未来[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(11): 38-51.

Lin Wang, Hongzhou Chen, Wei Cai. Education in Metaverse: The Status Quo and Innovation[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2023, 41(11): 38-51.

图/表 6

图 1

图 2

图 3

表 1

图 4

图 5

参考文献 0

	邓剑. (2020). 《动物森友会》的晚期资本主义想象力. 取自澎湃新闻(2020年4月11日): https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_6902516.
	赫伊津哈. (2007). 游戏的人——文化中游戏成分的研究(何道宽译). 广州: 花城出版社.
	米切尔. (1999). 比特之城: 空间•场所•信息高速公路(范海燕、胡泳译). 北京: 生活•读书•新知三联书店.
	斯特弗, 盖尔. (2002). 教育中的建构主义(高文等译). 上海: 华东师范大学出版社.
	王陈慧子, 蔡玮. 元宇宙数字经济: 现状、特征与发展建议大数据 2022 8 3 140 150 王陈慧子, 蔡玮. (2022). 元宇宙数字经济: 现状、特征与发展建议. 大数据,8(3),140—150.
	席勒. (2015). 席勒经典美学文论(冯至、范大灿译). 北京: 生活•读书•新知三联书店.
	Agarwal, H., & Pandey, G. N. Impact of E-learning in education International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 2013 2 12 146 147 Agarwal, H., & Pandey, G. N. (2013). Impact of E-learning in education. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2(12), 146—147.
	Argote, L., Ingram, P., Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. Knowledge transfer in organizations: Learning from the experience of others Organizational behavior and human decision processes 2000 82 1 1 8 Argote, L., Ingram, P., Levine, J. M., & Moreland, R. L. (2000). Knowledge transfer in organizations: Learning from the experience of others. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 82(1), 1—8. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2883
	Arici, F., Yildirim, P., Caliklar, Ş., & Yilmaz, R. M. Research trends in the use of augmented reality in science education: Content and bibliometric mapping analysis Computers & Education 2019 142 103647 Arici, F., Yildirim, P., Caliklar, Ş., & Yilmaz, R. M. (2019). Research trends in the use of augmented reality in science education: Content and bibliometric mapping analysis. Computers & Education, 142, 103647.
	Barberia, I., Oliva, R., Bourdin, P., & Slater, M. Virtual mortality and near-death experience after a prolonged exposure in a shared virtual reality may lead to positive life-attitude changes PloS one 2018 13 11 e0203358 Barberia, I., Oliva, R., Bourdin, P., & Slater, M. (2018). Virtual mortality and near-death experience after a prolonged exposure in a shared virtual reality may lead to positive life-attitude changes. PloS one, 13(11), e0203358. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203358
	Belman, D., & Heywood, J. S. Sheepskin effects by cohort: Implications of job matching in a signaling model Oxford Economic Papers 1997 49 4 623 637 Belman, D., & Heywood, J. S. (1997). Sheepskin effects by cohort: Implications of job matching in a signaling model. Oxford Economic Papers, 49(4), 623—637. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a028628
	Childs, M., Schnieders, H. L., & Williams, G. “This above all: to thine own self be true”: ethical considerations and risks in conducting Higher Education learning activities in the virtual world Second Life™ Interactive Learning Environments 2012 20 3 253 269 Childs, M., Schnieders, H. L., & Williams, G. (2012). “This above all: to thine own self be true”: ethical considerations and risks in conducting Higher Education learning activities in the virtual world Second Life™. Interactive Learning Environments, 20(3), 253—269. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2011.641679
	Collins, C. Looking to the future: Higher education in the Metaverse Educause Review 2008 43 5 51 63 Collins, C. (2008). Looking to the future: Higher education in the Metaverse. Educause Review, 43(5), 51—63.
	De Back, T. T., Tinga, A. M., & Louwerse, M. M. (2021). Learning in immersed collaborative virtual environments: design and implementation. Interactive Learning Environments, 1−19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2006238.
	Dean T. (2021). Roblox CEO Dave Baszucki believes users will create the metaverse. Retrieved from https://venturebeat.com/2021/01/27/roblox-ceo-dave-baszucki-believes-users-will-create-the-metaverse/.
	Dib, O., & Toumi, K. Decentralized identity systems: architecture, challenges, solutions and future directions Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 2020 4 5 19 40 Dib, O., & Toumi, K. (2020). Decentralized identity systems: architecture, challenges, solutions and future directions. Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing, 4(5), 19—40. doi: 10.33166/AETiC.2020.05.002
	Duan, H., Li, J., Fan, S., Lin, Z., Wu, X., & Cai, W. (2021, October). Metaverse for social good: A university campus prototype. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 153−161.
	Gaafar, A. A. Metaverse in architectural heritage documentation & education Adv. Ecol. Environ. Res 2021 6 10 66 86 Gaafar, A. A. (2021). Metaverse in architectural heritage documentation & education. Adv. Ecol. Environ. Res, 6(10), 66—86.
	Galloway, A. R. Social realism in gaming Game studies 2004 4 1 n.pag Galloway, A. R. (2004). Social realism in gaming. Game studies, 4(1), n.pag.
	Goksu, I. Bibliometric mapping of mobile learning Telematics and Informatics 2021 56 101491 Goksu, I. (2021). Bibliometric mapping of mobile learning. Telematics and Informatics, 56, 101491. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.101491
	Grimsley-Vaz, E. (2018). Creator of ‘1000 Cut Journey’ Uses VR to Help White Liberals Understand Racism. Retrieved from https://moguldom.com/152786/creator-of-1000-cut-journey-uses-vr-to-help-white-liberals-understand-racism/.
	Gutek, G. L. (2022). A history of the western educational experience. Illinois: Waveland Press.
	Hansen, M. T., Nohria, N., & Tierney, T. (2000). What’s your strategy for managing knowledge? In Woods, J. A., & Cortada, J. (ed.). The knowledge management yearbook 2000—2001. London: Routledge.
	Heilig, M. (1962). Introducing The Sensorama Slmulator. Retrieved from https://web.opendrive.com/api/v1/download/file.json/Ml8xNTA4ODQyMzBf?inline=1.
	Henrique, C. (2022). The Insane Future of Web 3.0 and the Metaverse. Retrieved from https://medium.datadriveninvestor.com/the-insane-future-of-web-3-0-and-the-metaverse-4cec3f13895a.
	Kemp, J., & Livingstone, D. (2006, August). Putting a Second Life “metaverse” skin on learning management systems. In Proceedings of the Second Life education workshop at the Second Life community convention (Vol. 20). CA, San Francisco: The University of Paisley.
	Kurniawan, M. H., & Witjaksono, G. Human anatomy learning systems using augmented reality on mobile application Procedia Computer Science 2018 135 80 88 Kurniawan, M. H., & Witjaksono, G. (2018). Human anatomy learning systems using augmented reality on mobile application. Procedia Computer Science, 135, 80—88. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.152
	Kye, B., Han, N., Kim, E., Park, Y., & Jo, S. Educational applications of metaverse: possibilities and limitations Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 2021 18 32 Kye, B., Han, N., Kim, E., Park, Y., & Jo, S. (2021). Educational applications of metaverse: possibilities and limitations. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 18, 32. doi: 10.3352/jeehp.2021.18.32
	Lee, H. W., Lim, K. Y., & Grabowski, B. L. (2007). Generative learning: Principles and implications for making meaning. In Jonassen, D., Spector, M. J., Driscoll, M., Merrill, M. D., van Merrienboer, J., & Driscoll, M. P. (ed.). Handbook of research on educational communications and technology. New York: Routledge.
	Lee, H., Woo, D., & Yu, S. Virtual Reality Metaverse System Supplementing Remote Education Methods: Based on Aircraft Maintenance Simulation Applied Sciences 2022 12 5 2667 Lee, H., Woo, D., & Yu, S. (2022). Virtual Reality Metaverse System Supplementing Remote Education Methods: Based on Aircraft Maintenance Simulation. Applied Sciences, 12(5), 2667. doi: 10.3390/app12052667
	McGonigal, J. (2011). Reality is broken: Why games make us better and how they can change the world. New York: Penguin Press.
	Owen, D. (2006). The Internet and youth civic engagement in the United States. In Sarah Oates, Diana Owen, Rachel K. Gibson (Eds). The Internet and politics: Citizens, voters and activists (pp. 20−38). Routledge.
	Park, J. H. Estimation of Sheepskin Effects Using the Old and the New Measures of Educational Attainment in the Current Population Survey Economics Letters 1999 62 2 237 240 Park, J. H. (1999). Estimation of Sheepskin Effects Using the Old and the New Measures of Educational Attainment in the Current Population Survey. Economics Letters, 62(2), 237—240. doi: 10.1016/S0165-1765(98)00226-2
	Park, S. M., & Kim, Y. G. A Metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges IEEE Access 2022 10 4209 4251 Park, S. M., & Kim, Y. G. (2022). A Metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges. IEEE Access, 10, 4209—4251. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3140175
	Rospigliosi, P. A. Metaverse or Simulacra? Roblox, Minecraft, Meta and the turn to virtual reality for education, socialisation and work Interactive Learning Environments 2022 30 1 1 3 Rospigliosi, P. A. (2022). Metaverse or Simulacra? Roblox, Minecraft, Meta and the turn to virtual reality for education, socialisation and work. Interactive Learning Environments, 30(1), 1—3. doi: 10.1080/10494820.2022.2022899
	Sancar-Tokmak, H., & Dogusoy, B. (2020). Novices’ instructional design problem-solving processes: Second Life as a problem-based learning environment. Interactive Learning Environments, 1−14. DOI: 10.1080/10494820.2020.1799025
	Siyaev, A., & Jo, G. S. Neuro-symbolic speech understanding in aircraft maintenance metaverse IEEE Access 2021 9 154484 154499 Siyaev, A., & Jo, G. S. (2021). Neuro-symbolic speech understanding in aircraft maintenance metaverse. IEEE Access, 9, 154484—154499. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3128616
	Statista. (2022). Education Worldwide-Statistics & Facts. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/7785/education-worldwide/#dossierKeyfigures.
	Sunyaev, A., Kannengießer, N., Beck, R., Treiblmaier, H., Lacity, M., Kranz, J., & Luckow, A. Token economy Business & Information Systems Engineering 2021 63 4 457 478 Sunyaev, A., Kannengießer, N., Beck, R., Treiblmaier, H., Lacity, M., Kranz, J., & Luckow, A. (2021). Token economy. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 63(4), 457—478.
	Tse, N. Decentralised autonomous organisations and the corporate form Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev. 2020 51 2 313 356 Tse, N. (2020). Decentralised autonomous organisations and the corporate form. Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev., 51(2), 313—356. doi: 10.26686/vuwlr.v51i2.6573
	Warburton, S. Second Life in higher education: Assessing the potential for and the barriers to deploying virtual worlds in learning and teaching British journal of educational technology 2009 40 3 414 426 Warburton, S. (2009). Second Life in higher education: Assessing the potential for and the barriers to deploying virtual worlds in learning and teaching. British journal of educational technology, 40(3), 414—426. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00952.x
	Yahya, S., Ahmad, E., & Abd Jalil, K. The definition and characteristics of ubiquitous learning: A discussion International Journal of Education and Development using ICT 2010 6 1 117 127 Yahya, S., Ahmad, E., & Abd Jalil, K. (2010). The definition and characteristics of ubiquitous learning: A discussion. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT, 6(1), 117—127.

知识经验	游戏设计
生存知识	进驻无人岛；在分数南、北半球的不同的四季天气中，根据气候的变化从事农业、渔业劳作；贷款置办房产、完成装修
经济知识	游戏内玩家的收益分为铃钱、里数两套货币系统，其中铃钱是玩家还房贷的货币计量单位，获得方式是接受其他玩家馈赠、以劳动换取，或交易具有股票性质的大头菜。里数主要通过玩家的游戏表现获取，里数不能直接购买物品，但可以获取多种形式的游戏奖励
情感知识	每个小岛设定有10位居民，玩家需与NPC动物岛民社交互动，或旅行拜访其他游戏玩家
审美知识	建造博物馆、捕获动植物以充实博物馆展馆、购买艺术品并分辨真赝
设计知识	自主岛建，设计建筑物的外观与内部，设计岛屿整体交通与地图规划等

[1]	柯政. 教育强国的几个底层问题[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 1-12.
[2]	黄斌, 云如先, 吴凯霖. 认知技能分布对国民经济增长的影响：教育强国的新证据[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 13-32.
[3]	[德]底特里希•本纳（Dietrich Benner）. 现代教育学和社会教育学的起源和实用性的十大论点[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 33-41.
[4]	彭正梅, 陈丽莎, 吴月竹, 施芳婷, 邓莉. 迈向共同的“世界文学”：论启蒙与文化辩证中的中国比较教育新使命[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 42-55.
[5]	沈伟, 周鑫玥, 蒋志伟. 比较教育与人类发展：新世纪的进展[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 56-73.
[6]	张丹, 韩君灵, 夏翔, 何思岩. 交叉学科与批判关切：英国比较教育研究现状——兼议中国比较教育学自主知识体系建设[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 74-88.
[7]	祝刚, 孔令帅, 杨启光, 吴天一. 从民族主义到世界主义：比较教育研究方法论的理路转向[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 89-102.
[8]	张奇, 湛中乐. 校外培训机构的法律地位及其规范意义[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(9): 116-126.
[9]	李政涛. 概念研究为什么重要？——构筑教育学建设与发展的概念基石[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 1-8.
[10]	申国昌, 白静倩. 教育交往史：教育史研究新的生长点[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 114-126.
[11]	崔延强, 李雄. 新型研究型大学的兴起与可持续发展策略[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 23-39.
[12]	朱晶, 姜雪峰. 科学教育中科学家的角色与功能[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 50-63.
[13]	吴砥, 吴河江. 通用大模型教育应用的潜在风险及其规避——基于技术伦理的视角[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 64-75.
[14]	赵丽, 刘寅生. 教育对话的技术转向：嬗递路径、应用困顿与范式重构——兼论对ChatGPT的逻辑审视及展望[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 76-84.
[15]	肖绍明. “教育和生产劳动相结合”发展中 “劳动教育”概念的变革[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 9-22.