华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)

华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 133-138+158+159.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2018.02.015

• 教育心理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高考试卷的性差分辨力及其与录取性别比的关系

邵志芳, 庞维国, 段芮   

  1. 华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院, 上海 200062
  • 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-03-22
  • 基金资助:
    2014年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"近10年高考试题难度的性别差异研究"（项目批准号：14YJA190010）。

Gender Gap Discrimination Power in College Entrance Examination and its Relationship with Gender Ratio of College Admission

SHAO Zhifang, PANG Weiguo, DUAN Rui   

  1. The School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-03-22

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摘要： 高考科目和内容的设置，被认为是导致近年来高考录取中"男少女多"的重要原因。本研究采用2005、2008、2011和2014年全国高考数学、语文、英语试卷，对在校高中生进行实测，取得了各年份考试成绩的性别差异量，进而考察了各份试卷性差分辨力的稳定性，以及女生上线比例与参试者性别比和录取率的关系。结果显示：（1）近些年高考试卷的性差分辨力不太稳定；（2）高考成绩的性别差异确实存在，但总体差距不大；（3）参试者性别比和录取率等因素的变化，是导致高考录取性别比变化的主要原因。

关键词: 高考, 性别差异, 录取性别比, 参试者性别比, 性差分辨力

Abstract: Girls in mainland China are getting more offers from universities and colleges than boys in re-cent years. It's believed that the given subjects and contents in College Entrance Examination are important contributing factors. This study attempts to answer the two questions:a) is gender gap discrimination power stable in recent years? b) is gender ratio of college admission determined mainly by gender gap in academic a-chievement? sample 3,160 high school students from Shanghai, Shandong, Zhejiang and Hunan participated in the study. Their scores in Mathematics, Chinese and English, together with the test items of National Col-lege Entrance Examination in the year 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014 were collected and analyzed. Gender gaps were calculated, and hence the stability of gender gap discrimination power across the years. The results show:a) gender gap discrimination power is not stable; b) many of the academic achievement gender gaps are small; c) gender ratio of college admission is determined mainly by participants' gender ratio and general admission rates.

Key words: college entrance examination, gender gap, gender ratio of admission, gender ratio of partici-pants, gender gap discrimination power