华东师范大学学报(教育科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 22-32.doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.04.002
黄忠敬1, 尚凯悦2, 张静2
接受日期:
2022-12-02
出版日期:
2023-04-01
发布日期:
2023-03-11
基金资助:
Zhongjing Huang1, Kaiyue Shang2, Jing Zhang2
Accepted:
2022-12-02
Online:
2023-04-01
Published:
2023-03-11
摘要:
思维模式对人的言行起决定性作用。本研究以OECD 2019年在中国苏州的调查数据为基础,从学生、家长、教师三个角度,探究10岁和15岁青少年的成长型思维及他们的思维模式与社会与情感能力之间的关系。研究结果发现:(1)学生的成长型思维受社会经济地位的制约;(2)学生、家长、教师的成长型思维与学生的社会与情感能力显著正相关并具有预测作用。这一研究结果丰富了现阶段关于成长型思维及社会与情感能力的研究,为促进我国青少年社会与情感能力的培养提供了新途径。
黄忠敬, 尚凯悦, 张静. 成长型思维如何影响学生社会与情感能力的发展?——基于OECD社会与情感能力测评的实证分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(4): 22-32.
Zhongjing Huang, Kaiyue Shang, Jing Zhang. Does Growth Mindset Affect Students’ Social and Emotional Skills Development: Empirical Analyses Based on OECD Social and Emotional Skills Study[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2023, 41(4): 22-32.
表 1
不同性别、年龄、社会经济地位学生成长型思维得分差异分析"
年龄 | N | M(SD) | t | p | Cohen’d | 95% CI | |
10岁 | 男 | 1977 | 6.81(2.28) | 1.768 | 0.08 | 0.06 | [?0.01, 0.27] |
女 | 1654 | 6.94(2.12) | |||||
高社会经济地位 | 907 | 7.17(2.36) | 4.607 | 0.00 | 0.22 | [0.27, 0.67] | |
低社会经济地位 | 907 | 6.70(2.00) | |||||
15岁 | 男 | 1849 | 6.94(2.00) | ?0.324 | 0.75 | 0.01 | [?0.15, 0.10] |
女 | 1755 | 6.92(1.83) | |||||
高社会经济地位 | 903 | 7.18(1.97) | 5.081 | 0.00 | 0.24 | [0.28, 0.64] | |
低社会经济地位 | 903 | 6.72(1.85) |
表 2
学生、家长、教师的成长型思维与学生的社会与情感能力的相关系数"
学生 | 家长 | 教师 | |||||
10岁 | 15岁 | 10岁 | 15岁 | 10岁 | 15岁 | ||
交往能力 | 果敢 | 0.13** | 0.18** | 0.05** | 0.06** | 0.02** | ?0.01** |
乐群 | 0.18** | 0.24** | 0.07** | 0.04** | ?0.01* | ?0.04** | |
活力 | 0.18** | 0.21** | 0.07** | 0.03** | 0.02** | ?0.02** | |
任务能力 | 毅力 | 0.17** | 0.19** | 0.06** | 0.07** | ?0.01** | ?0.01** |
责任感 | 0.16** | 0.20** | 0.05** | 0.02** | 0.01* | < 0.01 | |
自控力 | 0.13** | 0.16** | 0.04** | 0.05** | < 0.01 | 0.02* | |
情绪调节 | 抗压力 | 0.18** | 0.16** | 0.06** | 0.01* | 0.01** | ?0.03** |
乐观 | 0.19** | 0.23** | 0.06** | 0.05** | ?0.02** | ?0.02** | |
情绪控制 | 0.13** | 0.22** | 0.03** | 0.06** | ?0.01** | ?0.02** | |
协作能力 | 共情 | 0.16** | 0.23** | 0.04** | 0.04** | ?0.01** | ?0.01** |
合作 | 0.16** | 0.23** | 0.04** | 0.05** | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | |
信任 | 0.10** | 0.18** | 0.01** | 0.02** | ?0.04** | ?0.01 | |
开放能力 | 包容度 | 0.17** | 0.25** | 0.04** | 0.06** | < 0.01 | ?0.01 |
好奇心 | 0.17** | 0.24** | 0.05** | 0.07** | < 0.01 | ?0.01 | |
创造性 | 0.18** | 0.23** | 0.09** | 0.06** | 0.02** | ?0.02** |
表 3
学生(10岁组)、家长、教师成长型思维对学生社会与情感能力回归分析"
学生(N = 3635) | 家长(N = 3572) | 教师(N = 1397) | |||||||||||||
R2 | β | t | 95% CI | R2 | β | t | 95% CI | R2 | β | t | 95% CI | ||||
交往能力 | 果敢 | 0.06 | 0.11** | 36.21 | [3.97, 4.42] | 0.05 | 0.02** | 6.40 | [0.67, 1.25] | 0.05 | 0.01** | 4.03 | [0.27, 0.78] | ||
乐群 | 0.06 | 0.17** | 55.23 | [7.89, 8.47] | 0.03 | 0.05** | 15.81 | [2.67, 3.43] | 0.03 | ?0.01** | ?3.56 | [?0.93, ?0.27] | |||
活力 | 0.06 | 0.17** | 55.86 | [7.44, 7.99] | 0.03 | 0.05** | 15.40 | [2.43, 3.14] | 0.03 | 0.02** | 4.89 | [0.46, 1.08] | |||
任务能力 | 毅力 | 0.05 | 0.15** | 49.58 | [7.25, 7.85] | 0.04 | 0.04** | 12.44 | [2.08, 2.86] | 0.03 | ?0.02** | ?5.97 | [?1.37, ?0.69] | ||
责任感 | 0.07 | 0.15** | 47.72 | [7.32, 7.95] | 0.05 | 0.03** | 8.33 | [1.33, 2.14] | 0.04 | < ?0.01 | ?0.98 | [?0.54, 0.18] | |||
自控力 | 0.05 | 0.11** | 36.20 | [4.85, 5.41] | 0.03 | 0.04** | 9.55 | [1.39, 2.11] | 0.03 | ?0.01* | ?2.29 | [?0.68, ?0.05] | |||
情绪调节 | 抗压力 | 0.05 | 0.16** | 53.34 | [8.09, 8.70] | 0.02 | 0.04** | 12.57 | [2.18, 2.98] | 0.02 | ?0.01 | 1.71 | [?0.05, 0.66] | ||
乐观 | 0.06 | 0.18** | 59.41 | [9.07, 9.69] | 0.03 | 0.04** | 13.23 | [2.33, 3.13] | 0.03 | ?0.03** | ?7.93 | [?1.78, ?1.08] | |||
情绪控制 | 0.03 | 0.12** | 39.22 | [6.55, 7.24] | 0.02 | 0.02** | 5.15 | [0.73, 1.62] | 0.02 | ?0.02** | ?5.88 | [?1.55, ?0.78] | |||
协作能力 | 共情 | 0.06 | 0.14** | 46.34 | [7.02, 7.64] | 0.04 | 0.02** | 6.24 | [0.88, 1.69] | 0.04 | ?0.01** | ?3.21 | [?0.93, ?0.23] | ||
合作 | 0.06 | 0.15** | 48.96 | [7.27, 7.87] | 0.03 | 0.03** | 8.07 | [0.99, 1.02] | 0.03 | < ?0.01 | ?0.934 | [?0.51, 0.18] | |||
信任 | 0.02 | 0.09** | 29.12 | [4.77, 5.45] | 0.02 | < ?0.01 | ?1.01 | [?0.67, 0.22] | 0.04 | ?0.02** | ?4.87 | [?1.18, ?0.50] | |||
开放能力 | 包容度 | 0.06 | 0.15** | 49.99 | [7.32, 7.92] | 0.04 | 0.02** | 5.73 | [0.75, 1.53] | 0.02 | ?0.04** | ?11.00 | [?2.57, ?1.79] | ||
好奇心 | 0.03 | 0.16** | 51.78 | [6.94, 7.49] | 0.04 | 0.03** | 9.74 | [1.41, 2.12] | 0.04 | < ?0.01 | ?2.86 | [?0.77, ?0.14] | |||
创造性 | 0.10 | 0.17** | 56.73 | [8.29, 8.89] | 0.07 | 0.06** | 18.25 | [3.21, 3.99] | 0.07 | 0.01** | 4.01 | [0.35, 1.03] |
表 4
学生(15岁组)、家长、教师的成长型思维对学生社会与情感能力回归分析"
学生(N = 3613) | 家长(N = 3491) | 教师(N = 2327) | |||||||||||||
R2 | β | t | 95% CI | R2 | β | t | 95% CI | R2 | β | t | 95% CI | ||||
交往能力 | 果敢 | 0.05 | 0.17** | 38.30 | [6.14, 6.81] | 0.03 | 0.04** | 9.28 | [1.43, 2.20] | 0.03 | ?0.01** | ?2.94 | [?0.80, ?0.16] | ||
乐群 | 0.07 | 0.22** | 51.56 | [9.50, 10.26] | 0.02 | 0.03** | 5.90 | [0.85, 1.70] | 0.02 | ?0.04** | ?8.23 | [?1.84, ?1.13] | |||
活力 | 0.07 | 0.20** | 46.08 | [7.65, 8.33] | 0.03 | 0.02** | 4.90 | [0.59, 1.38] | 0.03 | ?0.02** | ?5.05 | [?1.18, ?0.52] | |||
任务能力 | 毅力 | 0.06 | 0.19** | 42.47 | [7.20, 7.89] | 0.03 | 0.06** | 12.56 | [2.18, 2.98] | 0.02 | ?0.02** | ?3.79 | [?0.99, ?0.31] | ||
责任感 | 0.05 | 0.19** | 43.24 | [8.32, 9.11] | 0.02 | 0.01* | 2.20 | [0.06, 0.97] | 0.02 | < ?0.01 | ?0.25 | [?0.43, 0.34] | |||
自控力 | 0.05 | 0.16** | 35.35 | [5.87, 6.55] | 0.03 | 0.04** | 8.60 | [1.34, 2.13] | 0.03 | 0.02** | 3.37 | [0.24, 0.90] | |||
情绪调节 | 抗压力 | 0.05 | 0.16** | 35.54 | [6.70, 7.48] | 0.03 | < ?0.01 | ?0.43 | [?0.55, 0.35] | 0.03 | ?0.04** | ?8.04 | [?1.93, ?1.17] | ||
乐观 | 0.07 | 0.23** | 53.68 | [9.56, 10.28] | 0.02 | 0.03** | 7.06 | [1.14, 2.02] | 0.02 | ?0.02** | ?4.44 | [?1.20, ?0.47] | |||
情绪控制 | 0.08 | 0.21** | 49.94 | [6.45, 6.97] | 0.04 | 0.05** | 10.30 | [1.81, 2.66] | 0.04 | ?0.03** | ?5.87 | [?1.42, ?0.71] | |||
协作能力 | 共情 | 0.08 | 0.20** | 47.14 | [8.42, 9.15] | 0.02 | 0.02** | 4.31 | [0.51, 1.37] | 0.02 | ?0.01** | ?2.66 | [?0.84, ?0.12] | ||
合作 | 0.06 | 0.22** | 51.47 | [9.48, 10.23] | 0.01 | 0.04** | 8.44 | [1.45, 2.33] | 0.01 | ?0.01 | ?1.16 | [?0.58, 0.15] | |||
信任 | 0.03 | 0.17** | 39.27 | [7.49, 8.28] | 0.00 | 0.02** | 3.87 | [0.44, 1.36] | <0.01 | ?0.01 | 2.40 | [?0.84, 0.09] | |||
开放能力 | 包容度 | 0.09 | 0.24** | 55.48 | [11.03, 11.84] | 0.04 | 0.04** | 9.12 | [1.73, 2.68] | 0.035 | < ?0.01 | ?0.66 | [?0.53, 0.27] | ||
好奇心 | 0.08 | 0.23** | 52.74 | [8.71, 9.39] | 0.03 | 0.05** | 11.11 | [1.84, 2.62] | 0.03 | < ?0.01 | ?1.42 | [?0.57, 0.09] | |||
创造性 | 0.10 | 0.21** | 49.14 | [9.16, 9.92] | 0.06 | 0.03** | 7.57 | [1.27, 2.15] | 0.06 | ?0.02** | ?5.32 | [?1.37, ?0.63] |
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