AI驱动教育改革：ChatGPT/GPT 的影响及展望

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.07.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着人工智能技术的飞速发展以及ChatGPT、GPT-4等人工智能的出现，传统教育模式面临着巨大挑战。我们已经正式进入了人工智能时代，而在这个时代，教育应从注重培养个人在没有人工智能助力下的能力转向培养个人在人工智能加持下的综合能力。正确使用ChatGPT等人工智能技术，可以为学生提供学习资源、个性化学习路径等；同时，人工智能也能为教师提供很多的方便，把老师变成人工智能加持的超级教师。教育系统应拥抱技术变革，从而实现真正的兴趣驱动的、自主的、探究式的学习。在人工智能时代，教育的重点内容应包括培养人工智能思维、创造创新能力、创新设计思维、沟通能力、团队协作能力、提出问题的能力以及在人工智能协助下的学习能力。

关键词: ChatGPT, GPT, 人工智能思维, 创新设计思维

Abstract:

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies and the emergence of AI such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, traditional education models are facing significant challenges. We have entered the era of artificial intelligence, and in this era, education should shift from focusing on cultivating individual abilities without AI assistance to nurturing comprehensive abilities with AI support. Using AI technologies such as ChatGPT correctly can provide students with learning resources and personalized learning paths. At the same time, AI can also offer many conveniences for teachers, transforming them into AI-enhanced “super teachers.” The education system should embrace technological changes to achieve truly interest-driven, self-driven, and inquiry-based learning. In the era of artificial intelligence, the focus of education should include teaching of AI thinking, creative and innovative capabilities, design thinking, communication skills, teamwork, problem-posing abilities, and learning abilities with the assistance of AI.

Key words: ChatGPT, GPT, AI thinking, design thinking

蒋里. AI驱动教育改革：ChatGPT/GPT 的影响及展望[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 143-150.

Li Jiang. AI-Driven Educational Reform: The Impact and Prospects of ChatGPT/GPT[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2023, 41(7): 143-150.

参考文献 0

	蒋里, 乌伯尼克尔. (2022). 创新思维: 斯坦福设计思维方法与工具（税琳琳译）. 北京: 人民邮电出版社.
	Clark, P., Tafjord, O., Richardson, K. (2020). Transformers as Soft Reasoners over Language. International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Feb 14^th, 2020.
	Hembree, R., Donald J. Dessart, D. J Effects of Hand-Held Calculators in Precollege Mathematics Education: A Meta-Analysis Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 1986 17 02 83 99 Hembree, R., Donald J. Dessart, D. J. (1986). Effects of Hand-Held Calculators in Precollege Mathematics Education: A Meta-Analysis. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 17(02), 83—99. doi: 10.2307/749255
	Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., Green, T., Figurnov, M., Ronneberger, O., .. & Hassabis, D Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold Nature 2021 596 7873 583 589 Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., Green, T., Figurnov, M., Ronneberger, O., . & Hassabis, D. (2021). Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature, 596(7873), 583—589. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2
	Luckin, R., Holmes, W., Griffiths, M., & Forcier, L. B. (2016). Intelligence unleashed: An argument for AI in Education. Pearson.
	OpenAI. (2023). GPT-4 Technical Report. March, 2023. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.08774v3.pdf.
	Rosenblatt, K. (2023).ChatGPT banned from New York City public schools’ devices and networks. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/new-york-city-public-schools-ban-chatgpt-devices-networks-rcna64446.
	Silver, D., Huang, A., Maddison, C. J., Guez, A., Sifre, L., Van Den Driessche, G., .. & Hassabis, D Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search Nature 2016 529 7587 484 489 Silver, D., Huang, A., Maddison, C. J., Guez, A., Sifre, L., Van Den Driessche, G., . & Hassabis, D. (2016). Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature, 529(7587), 484—489. doi: 10.1038/nature16961

[1]	赵丽, 刘寅生. 教育对话的技术转向：嬗递路径、应用困顿与范式重构——兼论对ChatGPT的逻辑审视及展望[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(8): 76-84.
[2]	郑永和, 周丹华, 张永和, 田雪葳, 王晶莹, 郑一. 计算教育学视域下的ChatGPT：内涵、主题、反思与挑战[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 91-102.
[3]	宋萑, 林敏. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能时代下教师的工作变革：机遇、挑战与应对[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 78-90.
[4]	徐国庆, 蔡金芳, 姜蓓佳, 李政, 杨惠, 郑杰. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能与未来职业教育[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 64-77.
[5]	荀渊. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能与高等教育的价值和使命[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 56-63.
[6]	李政涛. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能对基础教育之“基础”的颠覆与重置[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 47-55.
[7]	周洪宇, 李宇阳. 生成式人工智能技术ChatGPT与教育治理现代化——兼论数字化时代的教育治理转型[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 36-46.
[8]	杨宗凯, 王俊, 吴砥, 陈旭. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能对教育的影响探析及应对策略[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 26-35.
[9]	陈静远, 胡丽雅, 吴飞. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能促进以知识点为核心的教学模式变革研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 177-186.
[10]	贺樑, 应振宇, 王英英, 孙文琪. 教育中的ChatGPT：教学能力诊断研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 162-176.
[11]	倪闽景. 从学习进化的视角看ChatGPT/生成式人工智能对学习的影响[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 151-161.
[12]	余南平, 张翌然. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能对教育的影响：大国博弈新边疆[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 15-25.
[13]	张治. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能重塑教育的底层逻辑和可能路径[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 131-142.
[14]	顾小清, 胡艺龄, 郝祥军. AGI临近了吗：ChatGPT热潮之下再看人工智能与未来教育发展[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 117-130.
[15]	陈玉琨. ChatGPT/生成式人工智能时代的教育变革[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2023, 41(7): 103-116.