教师活力与积极师生关系：师生情感传递效应研究

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2024.03.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，师生的课堂情绪互动愈发受到关注。本研究基于活力理论，提出了教师通过情感传递效应以自身的活力和热情影响学生，激发学生的活力，推动形成积极的师生关系的假说，并以我国2386名中学生和76名班主任老师为样本进行了实证检验。通过问卷调查的方法，本研究收集了学生和教师的活力、学生感知到的教师热情和积极师生关系四个变量的测量数据，并以此建立了链式中介模型予以检验。结果发现，教师的活力可以直接预测积极的师生关系，这一作用主要是通过师生之间的情感传递，即学生感知到的教师热情、学生的活力以及二者的链式中介作用来实现的。换言之，当教师在教学中充满能量、富有朝气、活力十足时，就越有可能将对教学工作的喜爱和热情传递给学生，让学生深受活力的感染，并因此推动形成更加积极的师生关系。这一发现，对提升教育活力，促进教师和学生的心理健康以及形成良好的师生关系具有重要的启示意义。

关键词: 活力, 热情, 教学, 师生关系

Abstract:

In recent years, the emotional interactions between teachers and students in the classroom have garnered increasing attention. Drawing from the vitality theory, this study posited that the vitality of teachers might enhance students’ vitality and foster positive teacher-student relationship via emotional transmission effect, specifically through students’ perception of teacher enthusiasm. This hypothesis was empirically examined with a sample of 2,386 Chinese middle school students and 76 headteachers. Data on student and teacher vitality, students’ perception of teacher enthusiasm, and positive teacher-student relationship were collected using questionnaires. A chain mediation model was established and evaluated. Results showed that teacher vitality directly predicts positive teacher-student relationship. The relationship is underpinned by the mediators of students’ perception of teacher enthusiasm and student vitality, and by the chain mediating effect of the two. In essence, when teachers demonstrate energy, enthusiasm, and vitality in their teaching, they are more likely to transmit this passion to their students. This, in turn, fosters more positive teacher-student relationships. These findings have significant implications for bolstering educational vitality, enhancing the mental health of teachers and students, and cultivating positive teacher-student relationships.

Key words: vitality, enthusiasm, teaching, teacher-student relationship

闫伟, 石中英, 彭凯平. 教师活力与积极师生关系：师生情感传递效应研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2024, 42(3): 78-86.

Wei Yan, Zhongying Shi, Kaiping Peng. The Vitality of Teachers and Positive Teacher-student Relationships: A Study on the Emotional Transmission Effect[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Educational Sciences), 2024, 42(3): 78-86.

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	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
1. 学生活力	—
2. 学生感知教师热情	0.42^***	—
3. 积极师生关系	0.47^***	0.69^***	—
4. 教师活力	0.05^**	0.04^*	0.02	—
5. 学生性别	0.11^***	0.04	0.02	0.05^*	—
6. 学生年龄	?0.11^***	?0.07^**	0.15^***	0.19^***	0.10^***	—
7. 教师性别	?0.11^***	?0.09^***	?0.17^***	0.19^***	0.05^***	0.48^***	—
8. 教师年龄	0.00	?0.03	?0.08^***	?0.03	0.02	0.32^***	0.29^***	—
平均值	30.15	15.83	10.86	32.85	—	14.10	—	39.73
标准差	7.07	3.06	2.62	6.04	—	1.47	—	8.58

	回归方程1	回归方程2	回归方程3	回归方程4
	积极师生关系	学生感知教师热情	学生活力	积极师生关系
学生性别	0.03（0.02）	0.05（0.02）^*	0.11（0.02）^***	?0.02（0.01）
学生年龄	?0.10（0.02）^***	?0.05（0.02）^*	?0.10（0.02）^***	?0.04（0.02）^*
教师性别	?0.13（0.02）^***	?0.08（0.02）^***	?0.06（0.02）^**	?0.06（0.02）^***
教师年龄	?0.01（0.02）	0.02（0.02）	0.06（0.02）^**	?0.03（0.02）
教师活力	0.06（0.02）^**	0.06（0.02）^***	0.06（0.02）^**	0.01（0.01）
学生感知教师热情			0.41（0.02）^***	0.59（0.02）^***
学生活力				0.21（0.02）^***
R²	0.04	0.01	0.20	0.52
Adj. R²	0.04	0.01	0.20	0.52

	效应值（标准误）	z	p	Boot 95% CI	相对中介效应量
总效应	0.064（0.020）	3.17	0.002	[0.023, 0.102]
直接效应	0.007（0.015）	0.49	0.62	[?0.021, 0.035]
中介效应	0.056（0.014）	3.95	< 0.001	[0.028, 0.086]	87.50%
中介路径1	0.038（0.012）	3.07	0.002	[0.013, 0.062]	59.38%
中介路径2	0.013（0.004）	3.13	0.002	[0.006, 0.022]	20.31%
中介路径3	0.005（0.002）	2.89	0.004	[0.002, 0.009]	7.81%

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